Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the most common bacterial infections in developing countries. Knowledge of susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in a specific geographical location is an important factor for choosing suitable antibacterial treatment. Objectives: A study was undertaken to ascertain the spectrum of causative agents responsible for UTIs and to determine the magnitude of drug resistance among them. Results: A total of 1806 organisms were isolated from 3559 urine samples studied during 2010-2016. There is a shift in causative agents of UTI. Escherichia coli have been reappearing and replacing the current pathogen Klebsiella. Coagulase-positive Staphylococci have been significantly replaced by coagulasenegative Staphylococci. Other Gram-negative bacilli belonging to Proteus and Pseudomonas, which were supposed to be major pathogens of UTI particularly in tertiary care hospitals, are surprisingly being less encountered recently. It has been observed that 55.48% of strains were resistant to the antibiotics tested and there was sudden increase in incidence of totally resistant uropathogens during the year 2014. Majority of the totally resistant strains could be seen with Klebsiella (66.23%) followed by Citrobacter (63.28%). Conclusion: These observations indicate extremely high degree of resistance in uropathogens and warrant change in the antibiotic usage as well as formulation of policy for rational use of antibiotics to reduce the emergence of drug resistance in future.
Japanese encephalitis Virus (JEV) a flaviviridae family member (genus Flavivirus) is the main cause of meta-zoonotic viral encephalitis in many Asian countries. The disease was primarily reported in 1952 from Nagpur territory of Maharashtra recording nearly 16 deaths of an unknown viral encephalitis which was later awarded to be JEV; just nearer to Chandrapur reporting the present catastrophes.Hence we have undertaken present study to make a countable move not only towards the diagnosis of the diseases but also to restrict its future spread in Indian continent. Which will also aid medical practitioners to combat with this metazoonotic disorder.Amongst total suspected population nearly these 20 males and 22 females were positive. Considering monthly distribution most number of suspected cases were seen in the month of July. Most number of JEV affected population was seen more in the age group of 1 to 5 years of children and with advancement of the age reduction in the number of seropositive cases were observed. Human blood or CSF to be the reservoir Source from which isolation of opportunistic infections could be made possible. Also important role played by vaccinations could also be cross checked in JE epidemic areas. Hence role of JE Vaccine in routine vaccination programme in JEV epidemic areas could also be proved to be beneficial.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.