Colonic atresia and stenosis are rare causes of intestinal obstruction in the infant. Only 10 cases have been reported in Literature since 1966 and only one late-onset case has been reported in Literature until now. We describe the case of a 3 day old baby presenting with abdominal distension, failure to pass meconium and vomiting. X-ray of the abdomen showed dilated gut loops. Exploratory laparotomy was performed. At the junction of descending and sigmoid colon a stenosis was found, laparotomy also revealed a perforation of transverse colon. Transverse colostomy and a mucous fistula of sigmoid colon was performed after resecting stenosing segment and colon distal to perforation site upto stenosing site. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology. Colostomy was close after six weaks with uneventful recovery. Considering both the Literature and our case, congenital colonic stenosis should be considered one of the rare differential diagnoses in a neonate presenting as complete or partial intestinal obstruction.
Meckel's Diverticulum (MD) is a frequent congenital anomaly of small bowel often difficult to diagnose. It is usually asymptomatic and can present as bleeding, obstruction and inflammation. We report a case of MD in a 3 year old male child, diagnosed by 99m Tc pertechnetate scan and confirmed on laparotomy. Excised specimen revealed a large MD with multiple ileal ulcers, as a source of massive bleeding per rectum. The clinical features and need for early diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
The major parameters that affect climate change pattern include the latitude, ocean currents, wind, air pressure, elevation and relief. These parameters can influence the behaviour of the crops and their performance in time and space. The study was carried out to gain the perspicacity about the prospectus of cultivation of ruling japonica rice variety, K-332 under climate change scenario for next few decades across temperate high altitude ecology (2000-2300m msl) of Kashmir valley located within North-western Himalayas. Grown over a long period of time, K-332 was released in the year 1972 and is still popular among the farmers. The variety has supported the food security in rice growing hilly and mountainous areas of the region spread across 50,000 ha area. A study was carried out with effect from the year 2000 up till 2019 for 20 years in order to understand the phenology and stability of yield performance of the variety under changing climate scenario using DSSAT CERES crop simulation model (v.4.7). Model simulated traits namely, days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity, tiller number and grain yield marked an agreement with observed data with low mean absolute error, high R2 (0.85-0.94), high modified index of agreement (0.74-0.85) and modified modelling efficiency varying from 0.47 for the traits. Our observations lead to the projections under climate change scenario and was concluded that the days to flowering and maturity were projected to decrease by 1.96-8.82 % and 2.11-9.86 %, respectively, with increase in air temperature. However, the tiller number and grain yield were predicted to increase by 3.80 and 2.37 % respectively, under RCP 2.6 during 2021-2050 to 19.00 and 8.70 % under RCP 8.5 during 2075-2099. The study revealed the scope of rice cultivation with the same variety in high altitudes with a potential to not only sustain the climate change effect but exploit it for better yield performance due to moderation of low temperature stress and the reversing of the limitations thus far posed by sub-optimal temperatures and short growing period.
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