Different models have been proposed so far to represent the dynamic characteristics of batteries. These models contain a number of parameters and each of them represents an internal characteristic of the battery. Since the battery is an entity that works based on many electrochemical reactions, the battery parameters are subject to change due to different conditions of state of charge (SOC), C-rate, temperature and ageing. Referring to our previous work on online identification of the battery parameters, the change in the parameters even during one charging cycle is an experimental fact at least for many lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, the terminal voltage is used as the output to investigate the effect of changes in the parameters on the battery model. Therefore, we analyze the sensitivity of the model to the parameters and validate the analysis by comparing it with the simulation results. Since the output of the model is one of the main components in estimation of the state of charge (SOC), the sensitivity analysis determines the need to update each of the battery parameters in the SOC estimation structure.
Batteries as a multi-disciplinary field have been analyzed from the electrical, material science and electrochemical engineering perspectives. The first principle-based four-dimensional degradation model (4DM) of the battery is used in the article to connect the interdisciplinary sciences that deal with batteries. The 4DM is utilized to identify the physical manifestation that electrolyte degradation has on the battery and the response observed in the terminal voltage. This paper relates the different kinds of side reactions in the electrolyte and the material properties affected due to these side reactions. It goes on to explain the impact the material property changes has on the electrochemical reactions in the battery. This paper discusses how these electrochemical reactions affect the voltage across the terminals of the battery. We determine the relationship the change in the terminal voltage has due to the change in the design properties of the electrolyte. We also determine the impact the changes in the electrolyte material property have on the terminal voltage. In this paper, the lithium ion concentration and the transference number of the electrolyte are analyzed and the impact of their degradation is studied.
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