The MarmaVijnana (Science of vital points) has been dealt in Shareera Sthana of Ayurvedic texts like Sushruta Samhita (Text book), Astanga Samgraha (Text book) and Astanga Hridaya (Text book). The references related to Marma are also available in Charaka Samhita. Almost all the texts of Ayurveda have mentioned the total number of Marma as 107. Out of these Apastambha Marma is considered under the Urogata Marma (vital points of the chest region). The concept of Marma is important in the clinical and surgical point of view. In this article an attempt is made to study the Apastambha Marma and its Viddha Lakshana (Traumatic effect) by considering the related literature.
The concept of marma (vital point) in the Ayurveda is pioneer of science of traumatology, which has explored the vulnerable areas of human body. Neck is designated as most vital region of body because it encompasses many Neuro-vascular, muscular and visceral structures. There are three marma in neck as Matruka, Neela Manya and Krukatika. In neuro-vascular injuries of neck, mainly Matruka, and Neela Manya vessels are involved. Matruka vessels give rise to sudden death or death within seven days where as Neela Manya vessels manifests loss of taste, speech and abnormal voice. Their area of location is within four Angulai.e. 8 cm circumference. Even the contemporary medical science also specifies the neck as most complex region and injuries of neck as a challenge. Up to 30 % of the injuries involve multiple structures in the neck. Even though the percentage of mortality is decreased because of sophisticated technology but risk of morbidity and mortality has not completely abolished. The Ancient clinical observations on neuro-vascular injuries of neck are substantiated by reviewing the recent clinical data, which helps to understand the location, underlying structures of these Marma (Vitalpoints) and prove the relevancy of these observations.
Purpose:In Basketball game Gulpha Marma injuries are common. Wrong landing causes inflammation & tearing of ligament resulting into sprain. Prevention can be carried out by protective wears like Ankelet,crape bandge which gives temporary recovery. Assessment and evaluation of the application of Masha Taila as a Snehana and Avagaha Sweda as a preventive measure for Gulpha Marma injuries.Method:30 players with Normal ankle joint (Group A) & 30 players with Ankle sprain (1st degree) of Basketball players (Group B) were taken with age group 13 to 25 yrs. Goniometer to measure Range of motion (R.O.M.), pain analog scale for pain gradation.Result:Group A and B were compared with their control groups. The statistical result for normal dorsiflexion was 0.0007 degree, plantar flexion 0.001 degree, dorsi flexion of ankle sprain players 0.002 degree, plantar flexion 0.03 degree. The measurement of ROM of all players increased by 510 times indicating increased joint flexibility, based on ROM Mash taila proved to be a preventive measure. Pain analog scale for group B players indicated moderate pain at 0 day,reduced by 50% on 15th day and completely reduced on 30th day.Conclusion:“Prevention is better than cure”. As a preventive aspect the application of Masha Taila in normal ankle joint as Snehan & Swedan with warm water increases flexibility of joint and muscle strength. In sprained joint the same Taila application relives pain and regains its movements, this recovery and strength of joints happens because of reduce adhesion & influence the direction of new collage fibres in the healing process. It eliminates toxic accumulation from secondary muscle spasm. These Marma being the vital points must be prevented by applying Snehan & Swedan before starting the game just as warm up.
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