Background Dietary diversity can indicate child's health and optimum growth. Objective To analyze the trends and determinants of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among children aged 6 to 59 months in Ethiopia. Methods Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) data of three consecutive years (2005, 2011 and 2016) were analyzed. A total of N = 2,396 (2005), N = 3,385 (2011) and N = 3,723 (2016) children aged 6 to 59 months were included to measure the trend and to identify the determinants of MDD. The association between the study factors and MDD were investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of children who fulfilled the MDD has decreased from 2.46% in 2005 to 1.57% in 2011, but sharply improved to 7.82% in 2016. Adjusted regression analysis revealed that mothers’ media exposure, particularly watching television, maternal education and household wealth were more likely to provide diversified diet to their children across the three EDHS. Conclusions A decrease in minimum dietary diversity was observed from the year 2005 to 2011, after which a sharp increase was noted in 2016. In all the three EDHSs, media exposure, maternal education and household wealth were the consistent factors positively affecting the improvement of dietary diversity among children aged 6 to 59 months. Pertinent devotion should be given to improve access to media exposure, education and antenatal care visit in future intervention programs.
A rapid method based on digital image analysis and machine learning technique is proposed for the detection of milk adulteration with water. Several machine learning algorithms were compared, and SVM performed best with 89.48 % of total accuracy and 95.10 % precision. An increase in the classification performance was observed in extreme classes. Better quantitative determination of the extraneous water was achieved using SVMR with R2(CV) and R2(P) of 0.65 and 0.71 respectively. The proposed technique can be used to screen raw milk based on the level of added extraneous water without the necessity of any additional reagent.
Knowledge on nutrient content of important foods is a vital tool in understanding the associations between production, access, and nutrient intakes. Fish is one of such foods considered important for food and nutrition security in Ethiopia's national nutrition strategy. However, limited studies are conducted on nutritional profiles of fish species found in the country. This study was conducted to generate information on the nutritional profile of commercially important fish species. Proximate composition and some mineral content of six fish species obtained from four lakes (Tana, Ziway, Chamo, and Abaya) were analyzed. The moisture content varied between 78.05 to 81.18 mg/100g. The protein content was in the range between 15.87 to 18.92 mg/100g. The fat content varied from 0.87 to 3.48 mg/100g. the ash and carbohydrate contents varied significantly between the different species in all the lakes. Calcium content ranged from 52.34 to 250.43 mg/100g. The phosphorous content was in a range from 490 to 960 mg/100g. The range of sodium content was between 41.37 to 164.28 mg/100g, while the range of potassium content was 389.75 to 1887.44 mg/100g. The finding indicated the nutritional significance of commercially important fish in Ethiopia. Besides, C. gariepinus species from all water bodies have shown high energy content compared to other species, indicating the necessity to consider this species as a primary candidate species in nutrition-sensitive aquaculture. Further study is necessary to profile other fish species, and to include all indicator parameters of fish nutritional value.
Fish silage was prepared using minced fish body leftovers by adding formic acid and formulated with other plant source ingredients. The silage making process was completed after 48 days, and incorporated into the experimental diets. The growth trial was conducted to investigate the effect of silage incorporation in the diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fries. Three dried diets containing (T1) 0%, (T2) 20% and (T3) 30% silage were prepared with 30% crude protein and the experiment was conducted in 12 glass aquaria with a stocking density of 30 fish/aquarium for 16 weeks. Results indicated that WG, FCR, and SGR of O. niloticus fries fed on T2 and T3 diets were not affected (p<0.05) by the difference in feed. The least growth performance was recorded in T1 and it was significantly different (P < 0.05) with T2 and T3. The fries fed on silage incorporation showed the best survival rate (100%) but the fries that fed without silage had less survival rate (83.3%). This indicates fish silage can be used as a feed for O.niloticus at an early stage. Under the present study condition, incorporation of fish silage at 20% inclusion in the diets of O. niloticus fries is better and further study is necessary for different inclusions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.