NCT00978315 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

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Why was the cohort set up?East London Genes & Health (ELGH) is a community based, long-term study of health and disease in British-Bangladeshi and British-Pakistani people in east London. ELGH has a population-based design incorporating cutting-edge genomics with electronic health record (EHR) data linkage and targeted recall-by-genotype (RbG) studies. ELGH currently has >34,000 volunteers with funding to expand to 100,000 volunteers by 2023. ELGH is an open access data resource, and its research will impact a population at high need and redress the poor representation of non-White ethnic groups in existing population genomic cohorts 1 .Almost a quarter of the world's population, and 5% of the UK population, are of South Asian origin 2 .The risk of coronary heart disease is 3-4 times higher, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) 2-4 times higher in UK South Asians compared with Europeans 3,4 . East London incorporates one of the UK's largest South Asian communities (29% of 1.95 million people), of which 70% are British-Bangladeshi and British-Pakistani, and its population live in high levels of deprivation (Tower Hamlets, Hackney, Barking and Dagenham are the 9 th , 10 th and 11 th most deprived local authorities in England) 5 . Compared to White Europeans, South Asians living in east London have a two-fold greater risk of developing T2D 6 , nearly double the risk of non-alcoholic liver disease 7 , and over double the risk of multimorbidity 8 , with the onset of cardiovascular disease occurring 8 years earlier in men 8 . Determinants of poor cardiometabolic health start early in the life course, with higher rates of overweight and obese children in east London compared to the UK average 5 .Recent genomic advances offer exciting potential to better understand the genetic causation of disease 9 , and to direct pharmacotherapy to rare loss-of-function gene variants 10 . Genetic variation relevant to British-Bangladeshi and British-Pakistani populations, such as autozygosity arising from parental relatedness, is under-researched with regards to potential effects on complex adult phenotypes at a population level 11,12 .ELGH fosters authentic, inclusive, long-term engagement in its research, to deliver future health benefits to the population it represents. Community involvement in ELGH helps prioritise areas for

In contrast, mean serum 1,25(OH) 2 D concentration declined by 21% over the course of the study, from 68.5 pmol/L at baseline to 54.1 pmol/L at 6 weeks (p < 0.05). This decline was associated with an increase in mean serum corrected calcium concentration, from 2.32 mmol/L at baseline to 2.40 mmol/L at 1 week (p < 0.001) that was maintained at 6 weeks. No changes in free or bioavailable concentrations of any vitamin D metabolite investigated were seen over the course of the study. We conclude that serum 1,25(OH) 2 D concentration declines after long bone fracture in humans but that the serum 24R,25(OH) 2 D concentration does not fluctuate. The latter finding contrasts with those of animal models reporting increases in serum 24R,25(OH) 2 D concentration after long bone fracture. ß

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