The most commonly used surgical technique for repairing segmental nerve defects is autogenous nerve grafting; however, this method causes donor site morbidity. In this study, we sought to produce prefabricated nerve grafts that can serve as a conduit instead of autologous nerve using a controlled release system created with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. The study was performed in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro studies, VEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres were prepared. Thirty rats were used for the in vivo studies. Vein grafts were sutured between the tibial and peroneal nerves in all animals. Three groups were created, and an epineural window, partial incision, and microsphere application were performed, respectively. Walking track analysis, morphologic, and electron microscopic assessment were performed at the end of the eight weeks. Microspheres were produced in spherical shapes as required. Controlled release of VEGF was achieved during a 30-days period. Although signs of nerve injury occurred initially in the partial incision groups according to the indexes of peroneal and tibial function, it improved gradually. The index values were not affected in the other groups. There were many myelinated fibers with large diameters in the partial incision and controlled release groups, while a few myelinated fibers that passed through vein graft in the epineural window group. Thereby, prefabrication was carried out for the second and third groups. It was demonstrated that nerve graft can be prefabricated by the controlled delivery of VEGF.
Controlled-release buccoadhesive tablets containing pindolol were prepared and evaluated in order to achieve constant plasma concentrations during the treatment of chronic hypertension and to improve the bioavailability of pindolol by the avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism. The formulations were tested for weight, hardness, friability, content uniformity, swelling rate, bioadhesive force, and drug release rate values. Carbopol 934 and NaCMC were used as bioadhesive polymers and Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M, and HPC were added as matrix-forming polymers.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) containing captopril together with synthetic and pH independent polymers, Eudragit RL 100 and RS 100. The formulations were characterized in terms of their adhesiveness and bioadhesiveness by using texture analyser. These optimum formulations were chosen according to the results of our previous study regarding in vitro dissolution and ex vivo diffusion rate studies through excised human skin by using Franz Diffusion Cell. Results indicated that the mechanical properties of the formulations were suitable to be used as a transdermal patch.
New vehicles were developed based on non-aqueous emulsions.They may be classified as progress or supplimentation to the actual respectively conventional filling masses for soft gelatin capsules, but also for liquid or semi-solid hard gelatin capsule filling techniques.
IN-VITRO dissolution rate studies exhibit a clear superiority of PEG filling masses about oil-wax bases, which show extremely slow release rates. But in the following corresponding IN-VIVO tests, which are carried out as urine recoveries, the whole loss of superio-"Dedicated t o P r o f . D r . H. Thies on h i s 80th b i r t h d a y . " 699 rity of the PEG compounds is impressingly shown. On the contrary the PEG bases exhibit IN-VIVO the lowest recoveries, while the non-aqueous emulsions at least those with the Riboflavin indicate a tendency towards a more favorable gastrointestinal absorption. These experiencies may therefore open an interesting way of attaining better bioavailabilities in certain cases with soft gelatin capsules as well as with hard gelatin capsules. Drug Dev Ind Pharm Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Fudan University on 05/14/15 For personal use only.
SICaKLIK DuYaRLI hiDROjELLERE gENEL BaKIş Hidrojeller; çapraz bağlı polimerlerden oluşan üç boyutlu, gözenekli bir yapıya sahiptir. 1 Yüksek su tutma kapasitesi ve toksik olmayan yapıları nedeniyle doku mühendisliğinde ve bölgesel ilaç hedeflendirmede yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hidrojeller, klasik ve uyarıya duyarlı olarak ikiye ayrılır. Uyarı duyarlı, diğer bir deyişle akıllı hidrojellerin şişme dengeleri pH, sıcaklık, elektriksel ortam ya da diğer çevresel uyarılar ile hızla değişebilmektedir. Akıllı hidrojeller bu niteliklerine göre sıcaklık duyarlı, pH duyarlı,
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