Acupuncture is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine involving the insertion of needles through the skin at specific points on the body to achieve therapeutic effects and is an ancient Chinese art of healing. Using ancient scientific principles, acupuncture treats illnesses by bringing a person's body into harmony and regulating the balance of Yin and Yang. Balancing Yin and Yang is one basic principle of Chinese medicine, and balancing methods for combination of meridians and acupoints have been described throughout the history of Chinese medicine. Clinical observations and principal research on acupuncture focus on the adjustment of the Zang-Fu organ and have shown that the adjustment by acupuncture relied largely on the effective components in different organs. What does this effectiveness mean? In fact, is acupuncture a treatment that shows its effects with signals to the autocrine, paracrine and endocrine pathways? What role does embryology play in this area? Furthermore, molecular biology has opened avenues to newer methods for the study of embryology and to enhance our understanding of growth and development. Can evaluation of acupuncture with these branches of science be more scientific? We discuss this interesting topic in this original article. After all this time, it is reasonable that different therapeutic techniques and approaches are developed for acupuncture.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MES) in a school children population. Materials and Methods:Three thousand four hundred and sixty children aged between 7 and 15 in three elementary schools in the city of Mardin, located in the south-eastern region of Turkey, were included in this study in April and May 2011. Age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured and a variety of blood tests were done. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used for the diagnosis of MES.Results: It was found that 9.42% of those tested were overweight, and 8.0% were obese. The study found that more girls (9.1%) were obese than girls (6.9%). The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among girls than boys (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and the other parameters, namely waist and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), triglyceride (TG) (p=0.0001). It was found that total cholesterol (T-Chol), TG, BMI, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly different among obese MES's group and non-obese children (p<0.05). The waist/hip ratio reference value in girls was significantly higher than boys (p>0.05). The prevalence of MES was 6.3%. The number of components of MES was higher in girls and obese children. The rate of MES was 30.3% in obese children. Conclusion:The frequency of obesity, hypertension and MES in childhood period have been steadily increasing. Children who are classified having central obesity and high body mass index should be more carefully evaluated to its potential to progress to MES. And the quality of the life should be improved by reducing the risks resulted from life style changes, necessary treatments and follow ups.Key Words: Childhood obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension Özet Amaç: Okul çocukları popülasyonunda, metabolik sendrom (MES) prevelansının tespit edilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem:Türkiye'nin güneydoğusundaki, Mardin şehir merkezinde, üç ilköğretim okulundaki, 7-15 yaşları arası, üç bin dört yüz altmış çocuk, Nisan-Mayıs 2011'de çalışmaya dahil edildi. Yaş, cins, boy, ağırlık, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel/kalça oranı, sistolik ve diyas tolik kan basınçları ölçüldü ve kan testleri kaydedildi. MES tanısı için Uluslararası Diyabet Federasyonu (IDF) kriterleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çocukların %9,42'si fazla kilolu ve %8'i obezdi. Obezite kızlarda %9,1, erkekler de %6,9'du. Obezite prevelansı, kızlar arasında erkeklerden daha yüksek ve anlamlıydı (p<0.001). Vücut kitle indeksi (VKI) ve bel ve kalça çevresi, bel/kalça oranı, sistolik ve diyasto lik kan basıncı, trigliserid arasında pozitif korelasyon bulundu (p=0.0001). Total kolesterol, trigliserid, VKI, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı obez MES'lu grupta, obez olmayanlardan anlamlı farklı idi (p<0.05). Kızların bel/kalça oranı referans değerleri, erkeklerinkinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p>0.05). MES preve...
ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışmada, 65 yaş ve üzeri, özürlü sağlık kuruluna başvuran olguların değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada, özürlü kuruluna başvuran, 3112 olgu retrospektif tarandı, 601 olguya ait dosyalar değer-lendirildi. Bulgular: Başvuruların %53,1'i erkek, %46,9'u kadındır. Ortalama yaş 60 (59± 18,35)'dir. En sık başvuru sebebi, sosyal hizmetler %45,6, özürlü-lük oranının tespiti %21,6'dir. 65 yaş ve üzerinde, hipertansiyon %21,6; diyabet %12,6; kronik obstruktif akciğer hastalığı ve dilate kardiyomyopati %3,7 ile ilk sıralardadır (p<0.05). Malignensi 65 yaş ve üzerinde %1,8'di (p>0.05).Dahili özürlülük oranı istatistiksel anlamlı değilken, toplam özürlülük oranı 65 yaş ve üzerinde anlamlıdır (p<0.05). Ek branş patolojileri 65 yaş ve üzerin-de anlamlıdır (p<0.05). Tartışma: Beklenen yaşam süresinin uzaması ve toplumdaki yaşlı bireylerin sayısındaki artış ile, özürlü yaşlı bireylerin sayısında bir artış olmaktadır. Kronik hastalık tanısı almak, geriatrik hasta populasyonu için, hayatın sonu olmamalıdır. Geriatrik populasyonun ruh hali, sosyal yaşa-mı, genel sağlık ve zihinsel sağlık düzeyleri en üst düzeyde tutulmalıdır. Yaşlı hastaların, özel ihtiyaçlarına, özel önem verilerek, imkanların daha geniş kullanımı sağlanmalıdır. Anahtar KelimelerKronik Hastalıklar; Engellilik Değerlendirmesi; Yaşlılar; Muğla; Turkiye Abstract Aim: In this study it is aimed to evaluate geriatric patients who apply to health council. Material and Method: The study retrospectively assessed 3112 patients admitted to the disability ward, of which 601 patients were included in the study. Results: Of the 601 patients, 53.1% were men and 46.9% were women. The mean age of these patients was 60 (std ± 18.35) years. Some of the reasons for admission in the hospital were need for social services (45.6%) and determination of disability rate (21.6%). Most common diseases in patients aged ≥65 years were hypertension (21.6%), diabetes (12.6%), and chronic obstructive lung disease and dilated cardiomyopathy (3.7%; p < 0.05). Malignancy was detected in 1.8% patients aged ≥65 years; however, its prevalence was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Internal disability rate was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), but total disability was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Moreover, prevalence of additional conditions was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in patients aged ≥65 years. Discussion: Rapid increases in life expectancy and number of older people has increased the prevalence of disabilities among older people. Being diagnosed with chronic diseases should not be the end of life for geriatric populations. Their mood, social life, general health, and mental profile should progress. Sufficient attention should be paid to the special needs of older patients thereby leading to a wider use of facilities.
Objective: This research determines the frequency of obesity among primary school-aged children and evaluates the relationship between obesity and family and environmental factors.Material and Methods: Three thousand four hundred sixty students, aged 6-15 years in three primary schools in Mardin city center were taken into the study. Information about eating habits and family-environmental factors were obtained by questionnaire. For each student we calculated the body mass index (BMI) and the ≥97 percentile was defined as obese, and between 85-97 th percentile as overweight. These values were calculated with the SPSS statistical program. Chi-square and t-tests were used for analysis. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: 48.2% of the students were female. In the assessment of body mass index (BMI) the overweight rate for children was 15.78%, the obese rate was 10.57%. The prevalence of obesity according to gender was 9.05% for girls and 11.97% for boys (p<0.01). The mean BMI of the girls in the age group 13-15 is higher than in males of the same age. Those in the higher socio-economic group had a higher prevalence of obesity (p<0.01). Paternal obesity affected child obesity (p<0.01). Children who eat irregular meals (p=0.05), watch more than 2 hours per day TV (p=0.03), were breastfed for less than 6 months (p<0.05) and the mothers' obesity (p<0.05) were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of obesity. Conclusion:Obesity is increasing throughout the world as a health problem. Being obese in childhood and having obese parent(s) are two of the risk factors of being obese in adulthood. Persistence of obesity into adulthood is the most serious aspect of the problem. The therapeutic success rate in obesity is unfortunately not high. Therefore, a preventive strategy involving early identification of those at risk by incorporating body mass assessments to routine childhood growth assessment appears to be the most prudent strategy.
Objectives:This study aimed to determine the knowledge levels and attitudes of School of Health and Vocational School of Health students toward complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).Methods:Three hundred thirty-three (333) students studying at the Mehmet Akif Ersoy University School of Health and the Golhisar Vocational School of Health in Burdur, Turkey, were included in the study. Research data were collected by using a survey method based on the expressed opinions of the participants.Results:Of the participants, 69.7% were female and 97% were single (unmarried). Of cigarette users and those with chronic illnesses, 46.8% and 47.8%, respectively, used CAM. Those using CAM were statistically more likely to be female (P < 0.021), to have higher grades (P < 0.007), to be single (P < 0.005), to be vocational school of health graduates (P < 0.008), and to have fathers at work (P < 0.021). While 9.6% of the students thought CAM to be nonsense, 10.8% thought that the methods of CAM should be tried before consulting a doctor.Conclusion:A majority of the students in the study population were found to use complementary and alternative medicine, but that they lacked information about its methods. As a way to address this, CAM should be included in the curriculum of schools that provide health education, and CAM training programs should be given to healthcare professionals to improve their knowledge of CAM. In Turkey, many more studies should be performed to determine nurses’ and doctors’ knowledge of and attitudes about CAM methods so that they can give correct guidance to society and take more active responsibility in improving patient safety.
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