This study aimed to investigate the effects of different chelation solutions on the penetration of resin‐based and bioceramic root canal sealers into dentinal tubules using a device that assembles conventional microplate detection with automated digital microscopy. Eighty‐four single‐rooted teeth were prepared with 30.07 nickel‐titanium instruments and divided into four groups of 21 according to the final irrigation solutions used: saline (control), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), maleic acid (MA), and etidronic acid (HEBP). The samples were obturated with AH Plus, MTA Fillapex, or EndoSequence BC Sealer using the single‐cone technique. The roots were then sectioned horizontally at 2, 6, and 10 mm and examined using a Cytation 5 reader and Gen5 software. Data were compared using two‐way analysis of variance followed by univariate analyses and Tukey's multiple comparison test (p < .05). The mean penetration depth in the apical thirds was higher in the MA group than in the other groups (p = .013). The mean depth in the middle and coronal thirds was almost equal in the EDTA and HEBP groups. The mean depth was significantly higher in the coronal thirds of the root canals than in any other section in all final irrigation solution groups (p < .001). EndoSequence BC Sealer displayed higher penetration depth than AH Plus and MTA Fillapex, although the differences between the examined sealers were not statistically significant. The chelation solutions increased root canal sealer penetration into the dentinal tubule.

Borik asit (BA) ve etilendiamintetraasetik asit (EDTA) solusyonlarının rezin ve biyoseramik esaslı kök kanal patlarının bağlanma dayanımına etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada tek köklü dişlerden elde edilmiş 36 adet kök kesiti kullanılmıştır. Diş pulpa boşluğuna bitişik kök dentini üzerinde 0.9 mm çapında standardize delikler oluşturulmuştur. Örnekler %5 sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl) solusyonuna maruz bırakıldıktan sonra, final irrigasyon solüsyonunun tipine göre rastgele üç gruba ayrılmıştır: Grup 1: %17 EDTA; Grup 2: %10 BA; Grup 3: salin. Her irrigasyon solusyonu 5 dakika uygulandıktan sonra gruplar, kullanılan kök kanal patına göre üç alt gruba ayrılmıştır: Grup A: AH Plus, Grup B: EndoSequence BC Sealer, Grup C: MTA Fillapex. Kök kanal patlarının push-out bağlanma dayanım değerleri hesaplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz çift yönlü ANOVA, Tukey post-hoc ve Tamhane's T2 testleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir (p=0.05). Bulgular: EndoSequence BC Sealer'ın bağlanma dayanımı kullanılan irrigasyon solusyonundan etkilenmemiştir (p=0.785). Tüm irrigasyon gruplarında, MTA Fillapex'in bağlanma dayanımı EndoSequence BC Sealer ve AH Plus kanal patlarından anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur (p=0.000). Sonuçlar: EDTA ve BA solüsyonları AH Plus ve MTA Fillapex kanal patlarının bağlanma dayanımlarını salin grubuna göre artırmıştır. EndoSequence BC Sealer'ın bağlanma dayanımı ise, kullanılan irrigasyon solüsyonundan etkilenmemiştir.

The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of four resin-based composite materials to a silicate-based cement using a “no-wait” universal bond with self-etch (SE) and etch-and-rinse (ER) modes. Acrylic blocks (n=80, 2mm depth, 5mm diameter central hole) were prepared. The holes were filled with BiodentineTM (BD) and divided into 4 main groups (n=20) according to the composite resin type used: Group FZ250: FiltekTM Z250 Universal Restorative (microhybrid), Group SDR: SDR Plus U Bulk Fill Flowable (low-viscosity bulk-fill), Group FBP: FiltekTM Bulk Fill Posterior (high-viscosity bulk-fill), Group EF: EsFlow™ Universal Flowable Composite (nanohybrid). A ‘no-wait’ universal bond (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick) was used for bonding application. Then each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the etching mode applied (ER and SE). SBSs were measured and stereomicroscope was used to identify the failure modes. Selected samples of fracture surfaces were imaged by SEM. Tukey’s post-hoc and One-way ANOVA tests were used to analyze data. There were statistically significant differences among the composite groups (p<0.05). When SDR  showed the highest bond strength values in SE (17.13 ± 2.98 MPa) mode, FBP showed the lowest bond strength values in ER (8.89 ± 2.46 MPa) mode. The mean SBS was not different between the SE and ER modes (p> 0.05). The SBS of BD to the resin composites depends on the composite type but  application of the ‘no-wait’ universal bond in different etching modes is regardless of the SBS of BD to resin composites.

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Background and aim: This study evaluated the rates of second molars undergoing endodontic treatment due to partially or fully erupted lower and upper third molars.Materials and Methods: Radiographic data from 579 patients were analyzed to calculate the rates of second molars undergoing endodontic treatment due to third molars and other reasons. Descriptive statistics were expressed as numbers and percentages for categorical variables. The chi-square test was used to determine the relationships between categorical variables (p<0.05). Results:The rate of second molars undergoing root canal treatment for reasons unrelated to third molars was statistically higher than that of second molars undergoing treatment because of third molars (p<0.001). The rate of lower second molars with endodontic treatment was significantly higher than that of upper second molars (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between partially and fully erupted third molars causing root canal treatment of second molars (p = 0.344). Conclusions:Root canal treatment of second molars can be related to fully or partially erupted third molars. All preventive measures should be taken to avoid the need for root canal treatment.