Purpose Demand for an organ transplant is surpassing the number of organ donors and hence increasing waiting lists worldwide, compelling many countries to adopt an opt-out consent system for organ donation. Opt-out is used in several European countries and has increased organ registration rate. No study on this subject has been published from the gulf region to associate sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and intention domains regarding an opt-out consent for organ donation. Materials and Methods A household survey was conducted between October and November 2016 using a validated questionnaire. Integer codes were assigned for qualitative data to interpret results at par with quantitative data for each domain to allow data for advanced statistical analysis. Results Of 1044 surveyed participants, 724 (69.34%) those aged 37.7±10.4 agreed to adopting an opt-out consent system of which 231 (29.4%) were Qatari citizens and 353 (48.8%) were males. Mean levels of indices such as attitude, behavioral beliefs, and intention domains to organ donation were found higher in opt out participants. After adjusting statistical significant variables, multivariate analysis showed that attitude index was associated to opt out system (OR: 16.7, 95% C.I.:10.6–26.3, p=0.001) whereas; knowledge index (OR: 0.25, 95% C.I.: 0.07–0.83, p=0.03), behavioral beliefs (OR: 0.55, 95% C.I.: 0.35–0.86, p=0.009) and intention indices (OR: 0.42, 95% C.I.: 0.20–0.87, p=0.02) were associated with opt-in system for organ donation in Qatar. Regression model was able to discriminate (AUC: 84%, 95% C.I.:81% to 87%) for opt-out consent. Future probabilities for opt-out consent were 0.80, 0.88, 0.92,0.95,0.96,0.97,0.99 and 0.993 for 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80 and 0.90 attitude levels after using 200 re-samples to make traditional multivariate regression model to realistic model for the population. Conclusion The majority of the survey participants showed a good attitude but less knowledge, behavioral beliefs, and intention towards adopting an opt-out system for organ donation in Qatar.
Background: A single organ and tissue donor can serve and save eight-fold lives, but availability of organ donors is scarce, posing a grim situation for end-stage organ failure worldwide. Knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs toward organ donation can help policymakers develop strategies to address the challenges facing organ donation and transplantation in Qatar. Aim: To assess sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and intentions regarding organ donation in the household population of Qatar. Methods: A prospective observational household survey was conducted between October and November 2016 in Qatar using a validated questionnaire. One thousand forty-four individuals aged 18 and older residing in eight municipalities in the country were enrolled in the survey. Results: Average age was 38 ± 11 years. There were 27.4% Qatari citizens and 72.6% nonQatari residents in the survey. 48.9% of the total (1044) were males. Knowledge [46% (95% C.I.: 45% − 47%)], attitude [70% (95% C.I.: 66%–74%)], behavioral beliefs [42% (95% C.I.: 39%–50%)], normative beliefs [29% (95% C.I.: 28%–30%)], control beliefs [–27% (95% C.I.: − 24% to − 30%)] and intentions towards organ donation [29% (95% C.I.: 27%–31%)] were observed in the study. Factor analyses were able to explain 70%, 72%, 70%, and 74% variations in knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and intentions domains respectively showing adequacy of construct of the domains for organ donation. Conclusion: Most of the survey participants showed good attitude but less intention towards organ donation.
A public healthcare system is one in which the government governs and controls all healthcare services. It offers high-quality medical care to all citizens, regardless of their ability to pay. The benefits of public healthcare against the private healthcare system showed that the former reduces overall healthcare and administrative costs. It helps in standardising the services and creates a healthier workforce, prevents future costs, and guides the population to make better choices. In contrast, private healthcare maintains a business-driven culture and creates unfair competition for non-profit organizations. It considers healthcare as a commodity rather than a right of every citizen and may use its considerable economic power to exert undue influence on healthcare policies. Countries with the best healthcare in the world provide free or universal healthcare. These countries regard healthcare as a social good rather than an economic good and provide universal care, which means that healthcare must be affordable and accessible to all the citizens. Considering the ethical issues in the for-profit healthcare system, as well as the drawback of private health insurers, it is advocated that health insurance must be administered by non-profit healthcare providers.
Background: Family consent and organ donors rates are co-linear to each other. The low consent rate can be influenced by socioeconomic and behavioral factors in the population. This study aimed to assess the influence of sociodemographic and behavioral factors on family consent for organ donation in the household population. Subjects dan Method: This is a secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional research design of 1044 household participants conducted in Qatar on organ donation between October and November 2016. A two-stage systematic random sampling was applied to collect data. The dependent variable was family consent. The independent variables were demographic and behavioral factors such as knowledge, attitude, intention, and beliefs about organ donation. Data were collected using household survey Questionnaire and analysed using Student t-tests (unpaired), chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. C-statistics was applied to see discriminate accury of the developed regression model for family consent. Results: Attitude (aOR= 1.73; 95%CI= 1.28 to 2.34; p= 0.001) and Intention (aOR= 7.50; 95%CI= 4.04 to 13.92; p= 0.001) factors were significantly associated to family consent to increase organ donation registration whereas; control belief (aOR= 0.74; 95%CI= 0.55 to 0.99; p= 0.050) was negatively associated to family consent. Knowledge (aOR= 1.63; 95%CI= 0.55 to 4.80; p= 0.380), behavioral belief (aOR= 1.11; 95%CI= 0.77 to 1.61; p= 0.580), heard organ donation (aOR= 1.12; 95%CI= 0.71 to 1.76; p= 0.630), registered for organ donation (aOR= 1.11; 95%CI= 0.50 to 2.46; p= 0.800), and donated any organ/blood/tissue (aOR= 1.63; 95%CI= 0.55 to 4.80; p= 0.380) factors were not statistically significant to family consent to increase organ donation registration. Conclusion: Attitude and intention can increase family consent to organ donation registration.
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