Recommendations are based on low to moderate quality evidence or on consensus, but are well aligned with recommendations from international guidelines. The guideline working groups recommend that research efforts in relation to all aspects of management of LBP and LR be intensified.
Objectives
To examine the outcomes of the Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone study, which was designed to evaluate whether it is possible to delay deterioration if a health‐promoting intervention is made when an older adult (≥80) is at risk of becoming frail and whether a multiprofessional group intervention is more effective in delaying deterioration than a single preventive home visit with regard to frailty, self‐rated health, and activities of daily living (ADLs) at 3‐month follow‐up.
Design
Randomized, three‐armed, single‐blind, controlled trial performed between November 2007 and May 2011.
Setting
Two urban districts of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Participants
Four hundred fifty‐nine community‐living adults aged 80 and older not dependent on the municipal home help service.
Intervention
A preventive home visit or four weekly multiprofessional senior group meetings with one follow‐up home visit.
Measurements
Change in frailty, self‐rated health, and ADLs between baseline and 3‐month follow‐up.
Results
Both interventions delayed deterioration of self‐rated health (odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–3.54). Senior meetings were the most beneficial intervention for postponing dependence in ADLs (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.14–3.33). No effect on frailty could be demonstrated.
Conclusion
Health‐promoting interventions made when older adults are at risk of becoming frail can delay deterioration in self‐rated health and ADLs in the short term. A multiprofessional group intervention such as the senior meetings described seems to have a greater effect on delaying deterioration in ADLs than a single preventive home visit. Further research is needed to examine the outcome in the long term and in different contexts.
Objective: To evaluate the socioeconomic impact of obesity by estimating the direct and indirect costs associated with obesity in Denmark, based on individual level data. Methods: Costs were assessed for different BMI groups, and the relative risks for change in direct and indirect costs per BMI point above 30 were estimated. A fourth analysis estimated the odds ratio for comorbidities per BMI point above 30. Individual data on income, social transfer payments, healthcare costs and diagnoses were retrieved from national registries. Results: One BMI point above 30 was associated with a 2% decrease in income, a 3% increase in social transfer payments, and a 4% increase in healthcare costs. In absolute numbers, income contributed to most of the total economic burden. One BMI point above 30 was also associated with increased comorbidity, which explains the increase in both direct and indirect costs. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with increased comorbidity, giving rise to an increase in both direct and indirect costs. Especially income is affected, which emphasizes the importance of including both measures when evaluating the total socioeconomic burden of obesity. Our findings draw attention to the potential for saving public resources and preventing loss of income by preventing obesity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.