Substance abuse by women is considered an individual pathology, and the larger social processes of recovery are seldom explored. This research study examined social factors that influenced completion of an outpatient women-centered substance abuse treatment program. The treatment records of a group of 15 women who completed the program were compared with a group who did not complete the program. More completers had previous life successes in the areas of education, job skills, and employment history. Completers also had fewer children, less involvement with child protective services, and lower levels of chaos, a construct that included the presence of two of any of the following in women's lives: child protective services, homelessness, psychiatric diagnosis, or domestic violence. Completion of substance abuse treatment seems more likely for women with personal and social resources. If programs are to be successful, adequate funding must be provided for both assessment and support of the social problems encountered by the most vulnerable women.

The traditional medical care system is generally unable to provide the broad health and wellness services needed by many adolescents, especially those from low-income and racial/ethnic minority communities. Using a theoretical framework adapted from Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of multiple influencers, this case study examined how a school-based health center was able to provide a network of connections for adolescents to caring adults within the school and the local community. Contributors to this network were the creation of a student-centered community with access to adolescent-friendly services, providers acting as connectors, and care of the whole adolescent.

Taking Lillian at her wordCatalyzed by the unexpected results of last November's election, civic engagement enjoys a renaissance. It is everywhere-in the social halls of synagogues, mosques and churches, in the ubiquitous town hall meetings, in women's marches and demonstrations on behalf of science and our planet, in murals proclaiming pride of place. Across the

Civic engagement characterizes how people work together to create positive social change and public health outcomes. The concept has a long history in the United States, originating with the 19th century French sociologist Alexis de Tocqueville's study of American democracy's tendency to form voluntary associations of private persons to achieve public ends (Tocqueville, 1838). Bandura's work on behavior change in the present day extends ideas of civic engagement to include collective efficacy (Bandura, 1998), or how social groups can affect positive change. This study uses the lens of civic engagement to examine the role of four public health nurses (PHNs) in a community-based coalition to establish a school-based health center (SBHC) in 1996. The nurses-a school nurse, a health department director, and two family nurse practitioners (FNPs)-provided substantial leadership for the SBHC's inception, including its initial vision, assessment and planning activities, community consensus building, and implementation.While the concept of civic engagement may not be familiar to all PHNs, its definition of "participation in community service, collective action, political involvement and social critique" (Bandura, 1998, p. 477) well describes the focus of our profession.When Tocqueville observed American society in 1,830, he coined the term "civic engagement" as a particular quality of American democracy: a public spirit that Americans demonstrated in their creation of a variety of voluntary associations to improve the common good (Tocqueville, 1838). In the 21st century, this common good has extended to include health and the importance of its social determinants such as education, labor, criminal justice, transportation, economics, and social welfare (Adler et al., 2016).Nurses working in nonhospital settings are aware of many community activities, resources (or lack thereof), organizations, and behaviors that impact health. Civic engagement in the forms of participation in community organizations, political parties, interdisciplinary advocacy coalitions, health and illness support groups, and even voting has the potential to improve health and well-being.

The COVID 19 epidemic disrupted every aspect of American life and imposed severe trauma as a result of lockdown, fears of disease or death, separation from and death of loved ones, and daily media coverage of the unfolding pandemic. The following case report describes the experiences of the Vaccine Brigade, a group of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) and other professionals, mostly retired, who organized themselves to provide assistance with vaccine administration in the city of Chicago and Cook County, Illinois. The report describes the founding of their organization in February, 2021 and their work to support vaccine administration in communities of color and other underserved communities. This case report presents a successful model of volunteerism, built on foundational principals of collective decision making, democracy and social justice. Its members developed existing social networks and skills they had learned during their careers as PHNs and activists to create a functional organization that could assist with the task of getting shots into arms.