The purpose of this study was to examine corporate governance mechanism. This study also examines the effect of mediation of ERM on relationships corporate governance mechanism and the value of company. The population of this research is financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sample selection using purposive sampling. This study uses path analysis in hypothesis testing and Sobel test for testing mediation ERM. The results of this study indicate that there is significant influence between corporate governance mechanisms (managerial ownership, institutional ownership, independent commissioner and audit committee) with the value of company. This study provides evidence that ERM mediating influence between institutional ownership, independent directors and audit committee with company's value, but not significant in mediating the effect of managerial ownership. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji mekanisme corporate governance. Penelitian ini juga menguji pengaruh mediasi dari ERM pada hubungan mekanisme corporate governance dan nilai perusahaan tersebut. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) dalam pengujian hipotesis dan sobel test untuk pengujian mediasi ERM. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara mekanisme corporate governance (kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional, komisaris independen, dan komite audit) dengan nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa ERM memediasi pengaruh antara kepemilikan institusional, komisaris independen, dan komite audit terhadap nilai perusahaan. Namun tidak signifikan dalam memediasi pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial.

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The alarming trend of CO2 emissions in Indonesia merits a reinvestigation into the determinants in a bid to conserve the environment. In the literature, in Indonesia, three potential determinants, namely, energy, foreign direct investment, and corruption, have been identified to harm the environment. However, their effects are still undetermined. Thus, this study aims to examine the relationships between corruption (COR), energy use (ENY), foreign direct investment (FDI), and CO2 emissions in Indonesia. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach was used to analyse data for 36 years, from 1984 to 2020. The results reveal that corruption contributes to greater environmental degradation in the short run, while foreign direct investment does not. However, in the long run, corruption and energy use can positively affect environmental degradation, but foreign direct investment can reduce environmental degradation in Indonesia. This study also found two other factors, namely, economic growth and urbanisation, which can affect the environment with mixed findings. These findings are indispensable for policy formulation in Indonesia as Indonesia is a rapidly developing country that depends on good environmental quality to ensure future growth and sustainable development.

Despite the recent reduction in the poverty rate in Indonesia, income inequality has not shown any improvement. Income inequality, also known as income disparity, has been a prolonged issue in Indonesia and has caused great dissatisfaction among the public. Many of them do not feel an improvement in their wellbeing. Most studies explore these issues based on microeconomics perspectives, and limited studies focus on macroeconomic determinants. Thus, it is imperative to investigate the potential macroeconomic determinants of income inequality in Indonesia, particularly energy consumption (ENC), corruption (COR), foreign direct investment (FDI), and other supporting determinants such as economic growth (GDP), financial development (FD), and CO2 emissions. Data from 1984 to 2020 were collected and analyzed, employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The findings indicate that economic growth, corruption, and FDI can contribute to a smaller gap between the rich and the poor. At the same time, greater CO2 emissions can intensify income inequality in Indonesia both in the short and long run. Pollution, as captured by CO2 emissions, can affect the health of the poor. Health problems create difficulties for poor people to work and reduce the probability of earning income, ultimately widening income inequality. FD and energy use, on the other hand, do not influence income distribution in the long and short run. The findings indicate that boosting economic growth and FDI significantly reduce income disparity in Indonesia. Various policy recommendations are suggested in these studies based on the long-run outcomes.

Purpose: An understanding of financial literacy is important not only for business actors but also for individuals and households; even there is a need to introduce this all-important skill to children early. There is a projection that the financial behavior of the young generation will have a better influence on the global economy than that of the previous generation. Therefore, it is crucial that today’s young generation understands financial literacy.   This study aims to measure how digital financial literacy and financial confidence can influence both the financial behavior and financial well-being of the younger generation. Design/methodology/approach: The participants in this study are university students from all over Indonesia. This is a quantitative research project that uses online questionnaires, and the collected data is processed using structural equations mode-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with the Smart-PLS application. Questionnaires have been distributed and obtained by 353 respondents to be processed by the Smart-PLS application. Finding: The result indicates that digital financial literacy has a significant effect on financial behavior, and financial behavior also has a significant effect on financial well-being. Meanwhile, financial confidence influences both financial well-being and financial behavior. Conclusion: This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing information to the public about the importance of digital financial literacy for individuals to control their financial behaviour amidst the rapid growth of financial technology. Furthermore, the research findings are enriched with literature on digital financial literacy, which is still rarely studied. However, a limitation of this study is the fact that the respondents are mainly women. Therefore, there should be further research involving a higher number of respondents and covering a wider research location.