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A modification of the Hedley‐method for flow cytometric DNA analysis of paraffin‐embedded tissues is presented. Dewaxed and dehydrated tissue from paraffin blocks was incubated with subtilisin Carlsberg (pronase, Sigma protease XXIV) and then stained directly without washing and centrifugation. The loss of material was minimized, which was advantageous, for example, for the analysis of core‐biopsies, and all measured samples showed extremely low frequencies of clumped cell nuclei. This made it easier to detect polyploid nuclei and even rare nuclei of high ploidy could be identified. S‐phase analyses were more precise, since the background originating from clumped debris particles was very low. The improved method was applied to the estimation of frequencies of high‐polyploid nuclei found in various diploid, tetraploid, and aneuploid human myosarcomas of the uterus.

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Reduction of alkaline SMase activity seen in colorectal cancer and adenomas is also present in patients with chronic colitis. It is not complementary to dysplasia or DNA-aneuploidy in the identification of high risk patients. The age-associated decrease of alkaline SMase activity seems to be a general phenomenon indicating premature senescence of the mucosa in longstanding colitis.

Guidelines are given to assist the standardisation of DNA flow cytometry in clinical pathology. They have been agreed by a group of twelve scientists from nine European countries.

Patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis with an ileal reservoir are more prone to developing mucosal atrophy in the pouch and seem to have a higher risk of neoplastic transformation in the pouch mucosa than patients with ulcerative colitis without sclerosing cholangitis.