This article introduces the DFG-funded “Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics” (pairfam) study, which was initiated to provide an extended empirical basis for advances in family research. Within the context of challenges in couples and family research, we address the major substantive fields covered by the pairfam panel: couple dynamics and partnership stability, childbearing, parenting and child development, and intergenerational relationships. Then we present the conceptual framework and survey design of pairfam. The panel started with about 4,000 respondents (anchors) in each of three birth cohorts: 1991-1993, 1981-1983, and 1971-1973. The panel also includes anchors’ partners. From the second wave onwards parents and children of anchors are included. The policy of pairfam with regard to the provision of scientific use files and data distribution are discussed in the concluding remarks. Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag stellt das deutsche Beziehungs- und Familienpanel (pairfam) vor, das eine empirische Basis für Fortschritte in der Beziehungsund Familienforschung bieten soll. Vor dem Hintergrund zentraler Herausforderungen in der Partnerschafts- und Familienforschung werden Themenschwerpunkte, der konzeptuelle Rahmen und das Design des pairfam-Projekts vorgestellt. Inhaltlich fokussiert werden Fragen der Aufnahme, Gestaltung und Beendigung von Partnerschaftsbeziehungen, Elternschaftsentscheidungen bei Familiengründung und -erweiterung, Erziehung und Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen sowie Intergenerationenbeziehungen. Befragungsteilnehmer waren in der ersten Erhebungswelle je rund 4.000 Jugendliche (geboren 1991-93), junge Erwachsene (geboren 1981-83) und Erwachsene im mittleren Lebensalter (geboren 1971-73) sowie nach Möglichkeit auch deren Partner/in. Ab der zweiten Erhebungswelle werden auch Eltern und Kinder einbezogen. Am Ende des Beitrages werden einige Angaben zur Distribution der Daten als scientific use file gemacht.
Although intergenerational transmission is one of the major mechanisms of cultural continuity, it has hardly been studied in migration research, where cohort analyses of differences in the assimilation of different immigrant generations prevail; moreover, it has never had a systematic place in theoretical models about the incorporation of immigrants in the receiving society. The following empirical analyses examine the role of intergenerational transmission processes in the social incorporation of second generation adolescents. The extent of intergenerational transmission is seen in this context as a major mechanism by which the adolescents' intra-and interethnic social contacts are shaped and their social identification is structured.To integrate these family-related aspects of the social incorporation of immigrants, classical theoretical models of assimilation processes have to be extended and modified. As a starting point for an adequate modeling of intergenerational transmission processes, a classical action-theoretical model by Esser (1980) has been chosen. This theoretical model includes both contextual and individual mechanisms that affect the assimilation process: opportunity structures, action barriers, and action alternatives are related to the perceptions, cognitions, and evaluations of the individual actor in a simple two-level (context and individual) process model of cognitive, structural, social, and identification assimilation. According to this model, personal preconditions of the assimilation process are partly "imported" motivational and cognitive attributes that are confronted with the opportunities provided by the respective context in the receiving society and that "match" a specific social and structural placement as the starting point of an assimilation career. Discrimination is seen in this 159 AUTHOR'S NOTE: The comparative empirical analysis is based on data that have been collected in three research projects directed by the author: (a) "Intergenerational Relationships in Turkish Immigrant Families" as part of the special program "Consequences of
BACKGROUNDThe paper describes the origins of the Value of Children (VOC) approach to the cross-cultural research on fertility behavior around the Pacific Rim, and critically discusses its shortcomings at this stage. OBJECTIVEThe paper then demonstrates how the approach derives its theoretical coherence from the theory of social production functions, making reference to empirical evidence. RESULTSThe VOC approach combines a multi-level and action-oriented theoretical model of generative behavior based on the principles of methodological individualism with the welfare maximizing assumptions derived from social production function theory, to create a comprehensive explanatory program. CONCLUSIONSThe VOC approach extends economic theories of fertility: Whereas traditional economic theories emphasize the costs of children, the VOC approach also encompasses the supply side of children, i.e., the benefits children bring to their (potential) parents under variable social and economic conditions. COMMENTSThe paper outlines future extensions of the VOC approach. The question here is if and to what extent the production of social welfare through parenthood is substitutable by other production modes, and whether children as intermediate goods compete or are complemented by welfare production in other life domains.
Using data from the German Family Panel (pairfam) based on 11,746 intergenerational family relationships, the present study examined differences in parental closeness across relations with multiple, coresidential, and non‐coresidential adolescent and adult children. Replicating previous research in a multilevel analysis across families, the authors found a strong positive effect of biological descent on closeness in comparison to adoptive and steprelations; this parental favoritism toward biological offspring was partly explained by selection via parental resources and attitudes. Supplemental within‐parent fixed effect analyses suggested that the relative disadvantage of stepchildren was offset by longer duration of the stepparent–stepchild relationship, lower household income, fewer children in the household, and high parental affirmation of familism.
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