Character animation in video games-whether manually keyframed or motion captured-has traditionally relied on codifying skeletons early in a game's development, and creating animations rigidly tied to these fixed skeleton morphologies. This paper introduces a novel system for animating characters whose morphologies are unknown at the time the animation is created. Our authoring tool allows animators to describe motion using familiar posing and key-framing methods. The system records the data in a morphology-independent form, preserving both the animation's structural relationships and its stylistic information. At runtime, the generalized data are applied to specific characters to yield pose goals that are supplied to a robust and efficient inverse kinematics solver. This system allows us to animate characters with highly varying skeleton morphologies that did not exist when the animation was authored, and, indeed, may be radically different than anything the original animator envisioned.

Character animation in video games-whether manually keyframed or motion captured-has traditionally relied on codifying skeletons early in a game's development, and creating animations rigidly tied to these fixed skeleton morphologies. This paper introduces a novel system for animating characters whose morphologies are unknown at the time the animation is created. Our authoring tool allows animators to describe motion using familiar posing and key-framing methods. The system records the data in a morphology-independent form, preserving both the animation's structural relationships and its stylistic information. At runtime, the generalized data are applied to specific characters to yield pose goals that are supplied to a robust and efficient inverse kinematics solver. This system allows us to animate characters with highly varying skeleton morphologies that did not exist when the animation was authored, and, indeed, may be radically different than anything the original animator envisioned.

A camera-based method to record spatially and time-resolved photoluminescence images of crystalline silicon wafers was developed. The camera signal is modulated by a rotating shutter wheel, allowing for a wide range of camera types to be used for the measurement and easy integration into existing photoluminescence setups. The temporal resolution is sufficient to record the decay curve of photoexcited charge carriers in surface-passivated silicon wafers. A transient measurement of minority carrier lifetimes down to less than 10 ls can be obtained for each pixel individually, without the need for any external calibration.

In this paper we present latest results in the development of a process for the fabrication of a selective emitter structure on mono- and multicrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is based on an approach that was first introduced by Zerga et al. [1]. We have chosen a wet chemical route for an emitter etch back where the areas of the wafer that are intended for emitter metallization are shielded from etching by a screen printable etch barrier. The etch barrier is later removed by wet chemical etching. The process has yielded a gain in open circuit voltage of more than 1% and a gain in short circuit current of more than 2%. The overall efficiency gain was more than 0.3%abs due to slightly lower fill factor of the cells