RESUMENObjetivo. Analizar retrospectiva y sistemáticamente los hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos de paratuberculosis bovina Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). Los datos fueron obtenidos en diferentes momentos durante un periodo de 8 años (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) en un hato lechero en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se analizó la información documental en 5 casos compatibles con paratuberculisis bovina, así como la información procedente de otros estudios efectuados en el hato sobre la enfermedad realizados paralelamente en el periodo 2000-2008. Resultados. Los 5 animales afectados, presentaron diarrea crónica intermitente, disminución en la producción de leche, enflaquecimiento progresivo, apetito normal, consumo aumentado de agua y constantes fisiológicas normales. A la necropsia se observó engrosamiento de la mucosa intestinal del íleon y de la porción proximal del intestino grueso con múltiples levantamientos y depresiones, que no desaparecían al estirar el tejido. Los vasos sanguíneos mesentéricos se encontraron dilatados y congestivos. Los ganglios linfáticos mesentéricos se encontraron aumentados hasta tres veces, sin clara delimitación de la corteza y de la médula. Las alteraciones histológicas fueron enteritis y linfadenitis granulomatosa. En tres de los animales se evidenciaron abundantes bacilos ácido alcohol resistentes (BAAR) intracelulares en macrófagos, células gigantes y en el intersticio a la coloración de Ziehl-Neelsen. En otros tejidos evaluados no se encontró inflamación de tipo granulomatoso. Conclusiones. Los criterios diagnósticos empleados, así como el análisis de la información diagnóstica generada en otros estudios, permiten confirmar la presencia, circulación y mantenimiento del Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis en el hato con un aparente número elevado de animales infectados.Palabras clave: Enfermedades en bovinos, Mycobacterium avium, paratuberculosis (Fuente: CAB). ABSTRACTObjective. To analyze retrospectively and systematicaly the histological and clinical findings of bovine paratuberculosis Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). The data were obtained at different times over a period of 8 years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) in a dairy herd in Colombia. Materials and methods. Historical data of clinical and histopathological findings, in five cases compatible with bovine paratuberculosis, were studied. Additional information was also analysed from other studies related to the disease in the herd in the same period of time. Results. The infected animals showed intermittent chronic diarrhea, decreased production of milk, progressive weight loss, normal appetite, increased water consumption and normal physiological constants. The necropsy revealed variable thickening of the intestinal mucous membrane in the ileum and proximal portion of the large intestine with multiple uprisings and depressions, which did not disappear in the stretched tissue. Mesenteric vessels were dilated and congestiv...
We present a Language Prototyping System that facilitates the modular development of interpreters from semantic specifications. The theoretical basis of our system is the integration of ideas from generic programming and modular monadic semantics. The system is implemented as a domain-specific language embedded in Haskell and contains an interactive framework for language prototyping. In the monadic approach, the semantic spscification of a programming language is captured as a function Σ → M V where Σ represents the abstract syntax, M the computational monad, and V the domain value. In order to obtain more extensibility, we use folds or catamorphisms over the fixpoint of non-recursive pattern functors that capture the structure of the abstract syntax. For each pattern functor F, the semantic specifications are defined as independent F-Algebras whose carrier is M V, where M is the computational monad and V models the domain value. The copmputational monad M can itself be obtained from the composition of several monad transformers applied to a base monad, and the domain value V can be defined using extensible union types. In this paper, we also show that when the abstract syntax contains several categories, it is possible to define many-sorted algebras obtaining the same modularity.
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