Introduction: Power chains is the common device used in fixed orthodontic treatment. Force decay in power chains is a problem that can affect the teeth movement due to a continuous force cannot be maintained. Force decay in power chain can be affected by the use of alcohol-containing mouthwash or alcohol-free mouthwash. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of alcoholic-containing mouthwash, alcohol-free mouthwash, and artificial saliva towards the power chains force decay. Methods: This research was an experimental analytic laboratory in-vitro with the comparative approach. The sample in this study were 40 power chain, short A (SA); 40 power chain, short B (SB); 40 power chain, long A (LA); and 40 power chain, long B (LB), which divided into 5 groups that were consecutively exposed to the artificial saliva as control group; Minosep® with 0.1% of chlorhexidine gluconate; Listerine® with 0% of alcohol; Hexadol® with 9% of alcohol; and Listerine® with 26.9% of alcohol. The measurement of force decay was performed with digital force gauge on day 0, 1, 14, and 28. The statistical analysis was done by using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Result: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the force decay of power chain that exposed to the alcohol-containing mouthwash, alcoholfree mouthwash, and the artificial saliva. Conclusion: The force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-containing mouthwash was higher compared to the force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-free mouthwash and an artificial saliva.
Objective: A concern in fixed appliances orthodontic treatment besides reestablishing the normal occlusion characteristics might cause repositioning of the condyle position in TMJ region. The objective of this research is to find out whether there is a difference of TMJ position in Angle class I malocclusion type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 before and after fixed appliances orthodontic treatment. Methods:This research is a pre-and-post design study with analytical statistical approach which compared the TMJ position obtained from tracings 80 lateral cephalometric radiographs before and after fixed appliances orthodontic treatment. Purposive sampling technique was used to determine the sample size in Orthodontic Department of Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Padjadjaran from 2009-2015. The data was analyzed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and paired t-test.Results: This study revealed that the changes of condyle position in Condylion to Vertical T line (horizontally) after orthodontic treatment is not significant (P> 0.05) in Angle class I malocclusion. However, the difference of condyle position in Condylion to TC line (vertically) shows a significant difference (P< 0.05) in Angle class I malocclusion. Conclusion:The distance of the condyle from Condylion to TC line increased after fixed appliances orthodontic treatment for Angle class I malocclusion patients.
On orthodontic treatment, accuracy of orthodontic brackets slot size is essential for maximum interaction between thewire and brackets, so as to distribute the optimal force for tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to determinethe accuracy of orthodontic brackets slot size to 0.018 inch standard sizes that are available in the market. The samplewas selected by using a random sampling system, which consists of 15 types of brackets of 8 bracket manufacturerswith a total sample of 300 samples. Measurements performed on 4 sides of slot bracket, namely the outer and innersides of the brackets slot, on mesial and distal sides, using a profile projector (Mitutoyo Type PJ250). The results werestatistically tested using t-test one side. All brackets have a slot size significantly larger than the standard size. Theaverage percentage of magnification ranged from 5.18-24.29%. So, it was concluded that the size of the slot bracketsavailable in the Indonesian market greater than their standard.
Objective: Punica granatum (PG) contains anthocyanins which are useful as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and prevent cancer, while also increasing bone cell proliferation and osteoblasts differentiation in bone remodeling.Methods: The reactivity of osteocalcin protein markers with PG polyphenol fractionation hydrogels observed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the degree of reactivity was determined by optical density at 550 nm.Results: PG butanol fraction has better reactivity compared to the total extract, ethyl, and hexane fraction. Based on the reactivity distribution, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and collagen Type-1 had a dominant distribution compared to osteocalcin, but the theses proteins had a strong relation (r = 0.8) with probability (P < 0.05).Conclusion: PG butanol fraction had better reactivity to osteocalcin, BMP-2, and collagen Type-1 compared with total extract, hexane, and ethyl fraction. The four PG polyphenol fractionations have dominant reactivity to BMP-2.
Background Several studies have identified different genes that control the final dimension and structure of the mandible. Prognathism of the mandible is thought to correlate with these genes; however, no specific gene has been assigned as a risk factor due to various genome-wide scan results in different races. Previous studies that involved the Han ethnic group in China and Korea suggested matrilin-1 (MATN1) polymorphism as the contributor for mandibular prognathism. To date, no study has been conducted to understand the role of MATN1 in Deutero-Malay population. This study aimed to detect MATN1 gene polymorphism in the promoter and exon 5 regions, which is a proposed risk factor in class III skeletal malocclusion with mandibular prognathism in Deutero-Malay population. This was a case-control study with purposive sampling method that involved 47 class III skeletal malocclusion subjects with mandibular prognathism (case group) and 47 class I skeletal relation subjects (control group) performed in the Molecular Genetics Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. DNA isolated from buccal mucous epithelia and MATN1 gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing technique. Data were then analyzed statistically to observe the frequency of allele/genotype MATN1 in class III skeletal malocclusion and mandibular prognathism patients in comparison with the normal mandibular as well as to identify the risk factor of mandibular prognathism. Result The frequency of the 354 T > C(rs20566) CC genotype gene polymorphism in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group. The odd ratio (OR) value of the case group was also higher than in the control group (χ2 = 4.89; p = 0.027; OR = 6.27). Conclusions Our results show that the polymorphism of 354 T > C in the exon 5 region of the CC genotype MATN1 gene is a risk factor for class III skeletal malocclusion with mandible prognathism in Deutero-Malay population.
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