SD is one of the inflammatory skin disorders that is known to be triggered or aggravated by stress. However, little scientific evidence exists to confirm this view. In addition, very limited data are available about the presence of the personality profiles leading to emotional dysregulation such as alexithymia and concurrent psychiatric disorders in patients with SD. Our study showed that anxiety levels were significantly higher in patients with SD compared with healthy controls but there was no significant association with alexithymia, depression, or obsessive-compulsive symptom levels. Dermatologists should be particularly vigilant to the possibility of concurrent psychiatric morbidity in patients with SD in order to improve patients' well-being.
Psychological variables, such as depression and anxiety, are known as independent risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), suggesting the interaction of psychological and physiological factors in the development of CAD. In the present study, we analyzed the possible association between depressive and anxiety symptoms and major atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with chest pain warranting coronary angiography. The patients without CAD (n = 159) and those with CAD (n = 155) were evaluated for the severity of depression and anxiety by the symptom scales; high scores indicate severe symptoms. Age, male/female ratio, prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), and depression level were significantly higher in the CAD group. Among a total of 314 patients with chest pain, the mean depression score was higher in patients with DM (16.01 ± 8.12 vs 13.01 ± 9.6, p = 0.01) and those with hypercholesterolemia (15.43 ± 9.61 vs 12.53 ± 9.61, p = 0.02). The mean anxiety score was also higher in patients with DM (20.81 ± 12.85 vs 16.51 ± 12.09, p = 0.008), hypercholesterolemia (20.67 ± 13.11 vs 15.29 ± 11.36, p = 0.002), or hypertension (20.74 ± 12.94 vs 14.1 ± 10.8, p = 0.001). Thus, DM and hypercholesterolemia are associated with depression and anxiety, while hypertension is only related to anxiety. In contrast, smoking and family history of atherosclerosis are not related to depression and anxiety scores. These results suggest depression and anxiety symptoms may contribute to the development and progression of CAD, especially in patients with DM or hypercholesterolemia.depression; anxiety; psychological tests; atherosclerosis risk factors; coronary artery disease
Background/Objective: To report manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in a man with multiple sclerosis (MS). Design: Case report. Findings: A young man presented with a history of several admissions to the emergency department with complaints of hypertensive attacks, palpitations, difficulty in breathing, headaches, and flushing. The attacks were attributed to a previously diagnosed anxiety disorder. Onset of numbness of the left leg numbness prompted a more thorough study, which showed evidence of MS. AD was suspected as the cause of his recurrent attacks of hypertension. Bladder distension was identified as the cause of AD, and his hypertensive attacks were controlled by management of neurogenic bladder. Conclusions: This report emphasizes that AD can occur in MS. Somatic symptoms warrant thorough investigation before attributing them to psychosomatic causes.
Objective: To validate translated Turkish version of the Fibrofatigue Scale [FFS]. Methods: The Turkish version of FFS was administered to a consecutive sample of 82 patients with fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS; 78 women]; mean age was 37 years and mean symptom duration was 2.3 years. The Turkish version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], and the Medical Outcome Survey Short Form-36 [SF-36] were documented. Reliability was tested by the test-to-test reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient] and internal consistency [Cronbach's alpha coefficients]. Construct validity was assessed by association with BDI and SF-36 [Spearman's correlation coefficient]. Paired t-test was used to determine the statistical significance of change score [responsiveness]. Results: The test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the FFS were excellent with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98 [0.97-0.99] and Cronbach's alpha of 0.74. The correlations between the FFS and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire items [rho = 0.56], BDI [rho = 0.52], and subscales of SF-36 [rho value ranging from −0.333 to −0.553] were adequate. The FFS score improved significantly after a four-week physical therapy program [P < 0.001].Conclusions: The Turkish FFS is a reliable and valid instrument for detecting and measuring functional disability and symptom severity in Turkish patients with FMS.
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