Cardiovascular diseases are highly common cause of mortality and morbidity. It is envisaged that there is a relationship between cardiovascular diseases and ST2 (Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2) concentration of protein. In patients with cardiac insufficiency, the ST2 concentration was reported as higher than people without cardiac insufficiency. In this study ITO-PET sheets (indium tin oxide covered terephthalate) was used as a working electrode for the fabrication of the immunosensor for ST2 protein. In the optimization experiments, important parameters responsible for biosensor fabrica-tion have been optimized. After determining optimal conditions, reproducibility, repeatability, regeneration possibility, and analytical properties such as storage life are determined. The immunosensor showed a linear detection range for ST2 between 1-1500 fg/mL with a LOD value of 3.98 fg/mL. We also carried out SFI (single frequency impedance) experiments to monitor the specific interaction between ST2 and anti-ST2, simultaneously. The developed immunosensor was successively applied to the determination of ST2 in commercial human serum sample.
The aim of this research was to design an electrochemical immunosensor for determination of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated protein-1(TRAP1) antigen, a heat shock protein linked to tumour necrosis factor. The indium-tin oxide covered polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) electrode surface was cleaned and was prepared for the introduction of hydroxyl groups on its surface by using NH 4 OH/H 2 O 2 /H 2 O. As a silanization agent for covalent attachment of anti-TRAP1 on the surface of the ITO working electrode, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (3-GOPS) was used. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to characterize the immobilization steps. A variety of parameters, 3-GOPS and anti-TRAP1 concentrations, and anti-TRAP1 and TRAP1 incubation durations were optimized. After determining the optimum conditions, characterization studies such as repeatability, reproducibility, regeneration, square wave voltammetry, and single frequency impedance were performed. The electrochemical immunosensor has presented an extremely wide determination range for TRAP1 from 0.1 pg/mL to 100 pg/mL.
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