In recent years many significant applications have been found for mechanical vibrations in analysis and testing, the study of molecular structure, and the processing of various types of materials. These applications are not limited by the frequency range of hearing of the human ear but extend from infrasonic through ultrasonic frequencies. The concepts and techniques associated with these applications are generally referred to by the term sonies and are the subject of the new book of this same title by Hueter and Bolt.

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The methods developed by Forster and Weller for using fluorescence intensity measurements to follow the kinetics of excited-state reactions were applied to 8-naphthol in mixed aqueous solvents, e.g., methanol-water and glycerol-water mixtures. Steady-strate rate and equilibrium constants were obtained in different solvents for the excited-state protontransfer reactions where water and acetate ion are the proton acceptors. The forward rate constant for both reactions decreased progressively with the addition of organic solvents to water, each having a different effect on a molar basis, while the variation of the backward rate constant with solvent was more complex. The quenching reaction between @-naphtholate* and iodate was taken as a standard diffusion-controlled reaction in order to reveal features in the acid-base reaction which are peculiar to the proton transfer. It was found that only in the case of the &naphtholate*-hydronium ion reaction in glycerol solutions did the rate constants vary with solvent in a fashion markedly different from the standard reaction. The rate constants for the (activation-controlled) reaction of 8-naphthol* with water were also obtained in the methanol-water and glycerol-water systems. The results could be rationalized in terms of a model involving preliminary ionization of the weak acid.

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