The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated vaccine have highlighted vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs). Vaccine hesitancy among this group existed prior to the pandemic and particularly centered around influenza vaccination. Being a physician, having more advanced education, and previous vaccination habits are frequently associated with vaccine acceptance. The relationship between age and caring for patients on COVID-19 vaccination is unclear, with studies providing opposing results. Reasons for hesitancy include concerns about safety and efficacy, mistrust of government and institutions, waiting for more data, and feeling that personal rights are being infringed upon. Many of these reasons reflect previous attitudes about influenza vaccination as well as political beliefs and views of personal autonomy. Finally, several interventions to encourage vaccination have been studied, including education programs and non-monetary incentives with the most effective studies using a combination of methods.

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Carotid cavernous fistula is a serious vascular pathology that is commonly misdiagnosed due to clinical signs that overlap with several other pathologies and the need for sensitive imaging techniques, most notably digital subtraction angiography, to make the diagnosis. Here we present a case of carotid cavernous fistula mimicking orbital cellulitis, ultimately diagnosed with magnetic resonance venography.