Among obesity-associated disorders, low-grade inflammation has been described. The putative therapeutic properties of citrus and curcumin polyphenols could be associated with their anti-inflammatory properties. Two diets supplemented either with hesperidin (0·05 %) and naringin (0·1 %) from citrus extract or with highly bioavailable curcumin from Curcuma longa extract (0·09 %) were fed to eight obese cats for two 8-week periods (cross-over study design) while maintaining animals in an obese state. Plasma acute-phase protein (APP; a1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) levels were assessed before and at the end of each test period. TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, transforming growth factor-b, interferon (IFN)-g mRNA levels were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by real-time PCR. Compared with pre-study values, supplementation with citrus polyphenols resulted in lower plasma AGP and haptoglobin concentrations, while that with curcumin resulted in lower plasma AGP concentration. There were no differences between the supplementations. TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, transforming growth factor-b, mRNA levels remained unaffected by either dietary supplementation. In contrast, IFN-g and IL-2 mRNA levels were lower at the end of the citrus and the curcumin supplementation, respectively. There were no differences between the supplementations. The present study results show a slight effect of citrus and curcumin supplementation on inflammatory markers expressed by PBMC, and a decreased concentration of APP, which are mainly expressed by the liver. This would confirm that hesperidin and naringin or highly bioavailable curcumin extract have beneficial effects, targeted in the liver and could improve the obesity-related inflammatory state.
Apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) is an essential component of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), both independent markers of cardiovascular risk. Nicotinic acid (NA) is an efficacious drug for decreasing VLDL and LDL, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. For this purpose, six obese insulin-resistant dogs were given 350 mg/day of NA for 1 week and then 500 mg/day for 3 weeks. Turnover of apoB100-containing lipoproteins was investigated using stable isotope-labeled tracers. Multicompartmental modeling was used to derive kinetic parameters before and at the end of NA treatment. Hepatic diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), hepatic lipase (HL), and adipose lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression was also determined. NA treatment decreased plasma triglyceride (TG) (p Ͻ 0.001), VLDL-TG (p Ͻ 0.05), total cholesterol (p Ͻ 0.0001), and LDL cholesterol (p Ͻ 0.05), whereas plasma nonesterified fatty acids were unchanged. The decrease in VLDL-apoB100 concentration (p Ͻ 0.001) was the result of a lower absolute production rate (APR) (p Ͻ 0.001), despite a moderate decrease (p Ͻ 0.05) in fractional catabolic rate (FCR). LDLapoB100 concentration was reduced (p Ͻ 0.05), an effect related to a decrease in LDL APR (p Ͻ 0.05) and no change in FCR. NA treatment reduced DGAT2 expression (p Ͻ 0.05), whereas MTP, HL, and LPL expression was unchanged. Our results suggest that NA treatment reduced VLDL and LDL concentration as a consequence of a decrease in VLDL production.
The putative therapeutic properties of curcuma and citrus could be associated with their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Our aim was therefore to examine the effects of citrus or curcuma extract supplementation on body condition and inflammatory state in obese cats.Eight obese cats participated in this study that was conducted as a cross‐over, with two 8‐week periods. The diets were supplemented with either curcuma or citrus extract. Body composition (D2O dilution method), insulin sensitivity (euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique), plasma leptin level (RIA), and TNFα, IL1β and IFNγ mRNA expression in leucocytes (real‐time PCR) was assessed prior to and at the end of the test period.Body weight was unchanged by either diet. Both diets lowered fat‐free mass whereas the percentage of fat mass increased. Basal glycemia, basal insulinemia, insulin sensitivity and plasma leptin level were not modified whatever the diet. TNFα, IL1β and IFNγ mRNA levels were not affected by either diet.Similar plasma leptin level in both groups is consistent with their body weight and body composition. Our results suggest that curcuma or citrus extract supplementation is not effective in improving body weight, body composition, insulin sensitivity, or inflammatory state in obese cats.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.