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Swyer-James-Macleod syndrome is a rare pulmonary disorder. It is characterized as a constrictive bronchiolitis resulting from loss of pulmonary vascularity secondary to a previous upper respiratory infection. We present the case of a 5-year-old boy who presented to the emergency department (ED) for acute asthma exacerbation. Radiographic imaging confirmed the diagnosis of Swyer-James-Macleod syndrome. The patient was admitted to the pediatric floor and treated with symptomatic management and discharged home after complete resolution of symptoms. Swyer-James syndrome is a rare disease that should be considered in individuals with recurrent pulmonary infections and hyperactive airway disease. Radiographic or computed tomography imaging is required in such patients for diagnosis. Swyer-James-Macleod syndrome is an extremely rare radiographic finding characterized by unilateral pulmonary hyperlucency. This diagnostic finding is a long-term sequela of bronchiolitis obliterans. Presentation of this syndrome is characterized by dyspnea, hemoptysis, reactive upper airway disease, and recurrent pulmonary infections. The etiology of this syndrome is diverse, as are its long-term effects. This rare disease causes a unique diagnostic challenge in the ED where the presenting sign is often an acute asthma exacerbation as witnessed in our patient. In the setting of both pediatric and adult patients, Swyer-James syndrome should be considered in patients with acute asthma exacerbation and a positive history of upper respiratory infections. A 5-year-old known asthmatic boy presented to the emergency department (ED) with chief complaints of wheezing and chest tightness of 1-day duration. Before presentation, the patient reported intermittent asthma for 2 weeks requiring daily use of albuterol. His symptoms worsened the day before presentation, when he began to cough and experience posttussive vomiting, chest tightness, and a tactile fever. The patient never became cyanotic or ashen. His symptoms did not improve after multiple albuterol treatments at home, after which he was brought to the ED. Medical history was positive for eczema and asthma. The patient reported allergies to egg, wheat, seafood, and animal dander. Family history was positive for asthma in both parents. There was no history of travel or sick contacts. Immunizations were up to date. At the ED, his temperature was 98.2°F; pulse, 148 beats per minute; respiratory rate, 18 breaths per minute; blood pressure, 112/79, with SaO 2 of 93% on room air. Physical examination revealed signs of moderate respiratory distress. Nasal flaring with supraclavicular, subcostal, and intercostal retractions were noted. Auscultation of the lungs revealed poor air entry with bilateral expiratory wheezing. The rest of the examination was unremarkable.

Parvimonas micra is an obligate anaerobic bacterium and a known commensal of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. It is rarely associated with infections outside the oral cavity. Recently it has been isolated as a causative agent in a variety of systemic infections, but it has never been previously identified to cause a hepatic abscess. We report a 90-year-old woman with multiple hepatic abscesses caused by P. micra.

Dasatinib is a common anticancer drug used in the treatment of leukemia. Several side effects have been reported, the most common being myelosuppression, diarrhea, edema, and nausea. Three papers have been published reporting hepatic side effects of dasatinib treatment. A rare side effect of dasatinib treatment is reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Never before has dasatinib therapy shown to be the cause of CMV hepatitis in an immunocompetent patient. We present a case of an immunocompetent patient who was treated with the standard dose of dasatinib therapy and subsequently developed CMV hepatitis. Well-known side effects of dasatinib therapy are understood and documented; unknown adverse drug reactions can occur and should be monitored for. This is a significant finding given the high rate of CMV seropositivity in the general population.

The treatment of cancer is a rapidly evolving field. As more chemotherapeutic agents become available, reporting the side effects of these agents in clinical practice becomes increasingly important. Nivolumab is one of the chemotherapeutic agents commonly used for treatment of renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma, and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. While common side effects are known and well documented, encephalitis is documented as an extremely rare side effect. We present the case of an extremely rare side effect to a common chemotherapeutic agent.

HIV/AIDS patients often present with orogenital ulcers. In the immunocompromised patient diagnosis of these ulcers pose a challenge, as there is a myriad of etiologies. We present a case of an HIV/AIDS patient with recurrent orogenital aphthosis that was confirmed to have concomitant diagnosis of Behcet's disease. Proper awareness of the causes of these ulcers is essential for prompt and effective treatment. While rare causes may be at the bottom of a differential list in an immunocompetent host, when HIV/AIDS is involved these rare causes often percolate to the top.

The combination of Von Recklinghausen disease with a pheochromocytoma has a genetic linkage but is an exceedingly rare occurrence. Von Recklinghausen disease or neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder characterized by cafe-au-lait macules and multiple, soft tissue neurofibromas. While a pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor characterized by intermittent hypertension. NF1 predisposes patients to pheochromocytomas; however, this occurrence is extremely rare. We describe the case of a young male with neurofibromatosis and a pheochromocytoma.

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