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This study aimed at determining the optimal lipid:carbohydrate and protein:energy ratios for growth and survival of juvenile Penaeus monodon Fabricius. Two experiments were performed using completely randomized designs in semi-closed recirculating water systems. Juveniles of 0.4±0.8 g in weight and 4.0±5.5 cm in length stocked at a density of 80 individuals m ±2 were fed semi-puri®ed diets. The ®rst experiment determined optimal lipid:carbohydrate using isonitrogenous (35%) and isocaloric (330 kcal 100 g ±1 ) diets with ®ve lipid:carbohydrate ratios: 4:39, 7:32, 9:25, 14:18 and 16:12 (% wt/wt). The lipid:carbohydrate ratio of 7:32 gave the highest growth rate (P < 0.05), while survival rates of shrimp in all other diet groups were similar but less. Thus, optimal lipid:carbohydrate ratio for the juvenile tiger shrimp was » 1:4.6. In the second experiment, optimal protein:energy (P:E) ratio was studied using ®ve protein levels (25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45%) with a ®xed lipid:carbohydrate ratio of 1:4.6. Nine diets containing energy content (203± 459 kcal 100 g ±1 ) with protein:energy ratio (63± 171 mg protein kcal ±1 ) were formulated. Shrimp fed the diet containing 33±44% protein and an energy content of 223±371 kcal 100 g ±1 had a signi®cantly higher growth rate than those fed the other diets (P < 0.05). A regression analysis indicated that an optimal P:E ratio for optimal growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp was 150 and 146 mg protein kcal ±1 respectively. This diet contained 33±44% protein and had optimal energy of 263±331 kcal 100 g ±1 .

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