The massive introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) has triggered significant societal concerns, ranging from "technological unemployment" and the dominance of algorithms in the work place and in everyday life, among others. While AI is made by humans and is, therefore, dependent on the latter for its purpose, the increasing capabilities of AI to carry out productive activities for humans can lead the latter to unwitting slavish existence. This has become evident, for example, in the area of social media use, where AI programmers tie psychology and persuasion to the human social need for approval and validation in ways that few users can resist. We argue that AI should serve humans with humans as masters and not the other way around. Moreover, we propose that virtue ethics might play a role to solidify the human as master of AI and guard against the alternative of AI as the master.
In a country wracked by grinding poverty such as the Philippines, entrepreneurs can be potent agents of economic prosperity. But what is less emphasized in many accounts of entrepreneurship is the approach of some entrepreneurs to building enterprises which not merely deliver financial results but also promote the holistic development of the members of the enterprise. This approach can be termed "humanistic entrepreneurship." The paper examines conceptualizations of humanistic entrepreneurship based on management, leadership, organizational culture and ethics literature. Illustrative cases are presented which show that humanistic entrepreneurship is based on virtues, principles and skills of entrepreneurial founders. A conceptual framework for future research in humanistic entrepreneurship is proposed.
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