This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between different agronomic parameters and their contribution to soybean performance under Bradyrhizobium japonicum influence. The experiment was carried out at Kanyameshi (Kipushi), following a Split Plot design, with three strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (GraphExTM, Bradyrhizobium sp and Sojapak ® 50) and four soybean varieties (TGX 1740-7F: V1, PAN 1867: V2, TGX 1880-3E: V3 and LUKANGA: V4). The strongest correlations were obtained between fresh biomass and plant height, the number of stems and collar diameter, fresh biomass and collar diameter, number of stems and plant height, number of roots and number of stems, fresh biomass and number of roots, number of pods and number of leaves. The collar diameter is the most positively correlated parameter with both growth and soybean yield parameters. While lifting rate, collar diameter, plant height, number of stems, number of leaves, fresh biomass, number of nodules and number of pods are the most linked to soybean grain yield. A significant negative correlation was observed between number of leaves and the weight of 100g. Fresh biomass was found to be more predictable, whereas number of leaves is the growth parameter that contributes most to soybean fresh biomass. Based on their decreasing contribution to fresh biomass, the various parameters can be classified as follows: Number of leaves>number of root>plant height> collar diameter. Among examined agronomic parameters, only four contribute directly to the soybean yield, namely number of leaves, number of pods, fresh biomass and collar diameter. By applying Bradyrhizobium japonicum to the four soybean varieties, the correlations between observed parameters were enhanced. This study is a major contribution in the conduct of soybean cultivation as it identified the parameters on which the farmer should focus to maximize soybean grain yield.
This study was conducted on acidic soils in two different agroecological zones in order to evaluate the influence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on soil chemical properties in the Upper-Katanga (DR Congo). A split plot design with three replicates was installed in two sites. The main plots included three strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum plus the untreated control and four soybean varieties in subplots. Seed inoculation was performed in the shade and sown on the same day. The results showed that Bradyrhizobium strains did not influence soil pH, Nitrogen, C: N ratio and organic matter neither at flowering nor at harvest. However, total and available phosphorus (P) were influenced by the different treatments at harvest in Kanyameshi site. The strain S1 induced the highest average of total and available P whereas, the strain S2 had the lowest value of total P, and S3 induced the lowest content in available P. By comparing the timing of soil sampling at flowering and harvesting, the Student test revealed significant differences in pH, total nitrogen, C: N ratio, organic matter and available P indicating that soil chemical properties was improved at harvest and are only partially influenced by applied Bradyrhizobium strains.
The search for increased productivity of common bean in Upper Katanga by controlling weed justified the study conducted on the site of Institut National Pour l'Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques (INERA, Kipopo) to Kaniameshi during the 2014-2015 cultural season. The test was carried according to a split-plot arrangement with three repetitions. Varieties constituted the main factor CODMLB001, RCB262, HM21-7 and CODMLB007 while in manual weeding; 30 and 60 DAS, unweeding and chemical weeding (3 L haG 1 Paraquat+3 L haG 1 Atrazine) spread 10 days before seedling were the secondary factor. The results showed a positive varietal effect of CODMLB007 on the yield (0.43 t haG 1 ). Managements modes strongly influenced all the observed parameters, but the high seed yield (0.55 t haG 1 ) was performed in row plots manually, against a slight gap (0.51 t haG 1 ) to the chemically treated plots and finally a large gap (0.04 t haG 1 ) for unweeded plots. No any interaction was observed for yield after combination of two factors. Furthermore, the adventitious flora was dominated by the Cyperus rotundus species common to all plots with a max relative frequency (12). This could be explained by biology, the action of management methods and the long monoculture, however, the active matter were applied had a short persistence period in soil. Manual weeding induced awakening dormant buds or by splitting tubers or suppression of stripping, C. rotundus competitor had a high impact opposite the culture and other weeds. Therefore, it would be interesting to advocate a selective post-emergence treatment catching up or combine manual weeding treatment before seedling.Key words: Weeds, common bean, frequency, parameters, interactions INTRODUCTIONCommon bean production in South Katanga remains unsatisfactory although only two entities Moba and Lubudi provide large amounts to the province. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the yield by 800-1000 kg haG 1 for small producers, against 2500 kg haG 1 for large producers with certified seed (Kanyenga-Lubobo et al., 2012). 85Am. J. Plant Nutr. Fert. Technol., 5 (3): 85-95, 2015 In crop production, Toure et al. (2008) point out that weeds are a significant constraint sometimes pushing farmers to a band on their fields, especially in developing countries where pressure from weeds still growing. It suits to indicate that for the same degree of infestation, unlike developed countries, the losses are important in developing countries. Mergeai (2010) revealed the part of the natural environment promoting excellence by creating new ecological niches. Furthermore, Bassene et al. (2012) added that small peasants knowledge of weed biology does not allow them to define the technical itinerary better.Generally, weeds in the case of a bad control lend themselves more to competition compared to cultivated plants in rivaling their space, light, humidity, nutrients and carbon dioxide resulting in losses of yields and difficulty of the harvesting operations even see the depreciation of the useful p...
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