This large multicenter study demonstrated a high success rate for the implantation of Attain Performa quadripolar LV leads with a low complication rate. The PCT was low and stable over time. A low rate of postimplantation PNS was observed, and cases of PNS were readily resolved with reprogramming. Nonstandard vectors were often used for LV pacing.
Objective. Variants in genes encoding the Fc receptor-like 3 (FcRL-3) and the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) transactivator proteins have been associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Japanese and Nordic populations, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate these associations in a Canadian Caucasian cohort of RA cases and healthy controls.Methods. A total of 1,187 RA patients and 462 healthy controls were genotyped for FCRL3 and MHC2TA gene variants associated with RA. Epistasis between the FCRL3 -169C and the PTPN22 1858T variants was also examined.Results. An association was detected between RA and both the FCRL3 -169C allele (OR 1.19, P ؍ 0.023) and the homozygous genotype (OR 1.41, P ؍ 0.027), but association of the MHC2TA promoter region variant (-168G) with RA was not replicated. Stratification of the RA cohort by PTPN22 genotypes revealed the FCRL3 risk variant and RA association was stronger in the patient subgroup lacking PTPN22 1858T variants (P ؍ 0.004) and was not detectable in the subgroup with PTPN22 1858T variants (P ؍ 0.52). The PTPN22 association with RA was greater in the absence than in the presence of the FCRL3 -169C allele (P ؍ 0.0008 versus P ؍ 0.001). The PTPN22 1858T variant also increased the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in the RA patients, whereas the FCRL3 risk variant was protective against AITD.Conclusion. Our findings support an association of RA with an FCRL3 functional polymorphism and reveal that this association is stronger in the absence of PTPN22 risk genotypes. These findings support a genetic heterogeneity across RA populations, suggesting that both the FCRL3 and PTPN22 genes play roles in RA susceptibility, but in different individuals.
The prehospital trauma burden in KZN is significant and consumes vital resources and gridlocks facilities. A prehospital trauma system that is financially sustainable and meets the needs of the trauma burden is proposed to enable Afrocentric emergency care planning for low and middle income regions.
Objective
Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SLC22A4 gene encoding the organic cation transporter OCTN1 have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Japanese population and with Crohn's disease in a Canadian cohort. The RA‐associated and Crohn's disease–associated SNPs include, respectively, an intronic variant (slc2F2) and an exonic variant (1672T). We used a case–control approach to investigate the prevalence of these variants in a Canadian RA cohort and to determine whether RA and Crohn's disease share SLC22A4 susceptibility alleles.
Methods
Nine hundred eighteen unrelated patients with RA, 507 patients with Crohn's disease, and 623 healthy controls were genotyped for the putatively RA‐associated slc2F1 and slc2F2 variants and the Crohn's disease–associated SLC22A4 1672T variant.
Results
Neither slc2F1 nor slc2F2 showed evidence for association with RA, the allele frequencies of these variants being significantly different in the Canadian population compared with those reported in the Japanese population, but not significantly different between patients with RA and controls. In addition, associations between the 1672T Crohn's disease risk allele and RA or between the slc2F1‐A and slc2F2‐T risk alleles and Crohn's disease were not detected in this study cohort, and the latter 2 alleles were not in linkage disequilibrium with the 1672T variant.
Conclusion
These observations do not support roles for any of the previously identified SLC22A4 disease risk alleles in RA susceptibility in the Canadian population. The slc2F1/slc2F2 risk alleles were not associated with Crohn's disease nor in linkage disequilibrium with the Crohn's disease–associated 1672T variant, and accordingly, also appear to be irrelevant to Crohn's disease susceptibility in the population under study.
United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations appeared to have decreased prostate cancer screening. The greatest impact was seen for urologists and patients in the intermediate age group. Further study is needed to determine the long-term effects of these recommendations on the screening, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this prevalent malignancy.
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