STATEMENT OF CLINICAL RELEVANCEEBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HIVassociated oral ulceration. Its unique clinical, histomorphological and immunophenotypic features should allow for its distinction in this setting, the diagnosis of which necessitates a conservative immune modulating therapeutic approach.3

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MB2 canals in permanent maxillary molars utilising CBCT; in patients attending a university hospital. A total of 200 patient scans, (100 female and 100 male patients), were enrolled in the study. In total, 800 teeth were analysed, and teeth with additional canals in their MB roots (MB2) were identified. First maxillary molar teeth exhibited the highest prevalence of MB2 canals, 92% and 87%, for teeth 16 and 26, respectively. Second maxillary molar teeth showed a lower prevalence of MB2 canals, 69% and 65%, for the 17 and 27, respectively. There were no associations of significance between the prevalence of MB2 canals and patient age or gender. Root morphology and anatomy of permanent maxillary first and second molar teeth was found to be highly variable. The prevalence of additional canals in the MB roots is a frequent finding which has previously been underreported.

Kaposi sarcoma is the most common HIV-associated neoplasm, frequently presenting with oral mucosal involvement. This retrospective study aimed to assess

The aim of this study was to determine if the distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) and interstitial dendritic cells (IDC) is altered in AIDS-associated oral Kaposi’s sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative highly vascular oral lesions. Fifty-one cases of AIDS-associated oral Kaposi’s sarcoma and 20 of highly vascular oral lesions were retrospectively retrieved. All cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma were confirmed with immunoreactions against CD34 and HHV-8. Clinical data regarding sex, age and lesions location were obtained from pathology reports. Immunohistochemistry against CD207 (immature dendritic cells) and CD83 (mature dendritic cells) were done. LC were in the epithelium and IDC in the stroma. CD207+ cells predominated in the epithelium of the lesions, whereas CD83+ cells predominated in their stromal compartment. Kaposi’s sarcoma had a lower CD207+ immature LC count (p=0.02) and an increased CD207+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). Moreover, Kaposi’s sarcoma also showed an increased number of mature CD83+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). There were significant alterations in the distribution of LC and IDC in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative vascular oral lesions, suggesting that changes in their concentrations may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma.

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Objective. To describe an unusual variant of oral epithelial dysplasia and to provide an appraisal of its immunohistochemical profile. Study Design. An unusual form of epithelial dysplasia, which we have termed adenoid dysplasia, was evaluated for staining of cytokeratins AE1/AE3, vimentin, E-cadherin, and b-catenin. The immunohistochemical results were compared with those observed in moderate epithelial dysplasia, moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma.Results. The immunoprofile of adenoid dysplasia was similar to that of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma. Cytokeratin positivity within the acantholytic dysplastic cells confirmed their epithelial nature, and upregulation of vimentin was suggestive of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The most distinctive finding was a loss of E-cadherin expression within the discohesive cells, accompanied by increased cytosolic expression of b-catenin.Conclusions. This report presents the histomorphologic features of a unique form of oral epithelial dysplasia, termed adenoid dysplasia.

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