This article discusses the empowerment of coastal communities and the role of local informal leader in mangrove forest conservation. Mangrove forest has an ecological function of protecting the environment, including: resisting coastal abrasion, tsunamis, and breeding grounds for marine biota. Socio-economically, mangrove forest provides the beauty and comfort of the environment and is as learning facilities, so that they can be packaged as a destination for tourism. The condition of mangrove forest has been damaged but there have not been many results of conservation efforts that have been made. The conservation program is top-down and does not involve local community participation. In order to realize community participation in mangrove forest conservation an active and creative role is needed from informal leaders. This study uses a qualitative approach and is carried out in two districts, namely Jember and Banyuwangi Regencies. The result shows that local informal leaders have a strategic position, unique, respected, able to be role models and drivers of community activities so that coastal communities can jointly carry out mangrove forest conservation activities. Keywords: local informal leaders, community empowerment, participation, conservation, mangrove forests.
In some areas of Indonesia, local wisdom of coastal communities becomes an important factor and even determines the conservation initiative and mangrove-based ecotourism destinations; Wringinputih, Muncar, Banyuwangi, for instance. As a matter of fact, shrimp farms in this particular area were developed through reclamation in the 1980’s, and in consequence, many of the mangrove forest areas performed distinctly different functions. However, shrimp farming did not last long here as most shrimps suffered to death from white spot syndrome at the beginning of 1990’s. Thus, as most businessmen went bankrupt, they just left the shrimp farms and let the environmental conditions not taken a good care. Hence, in 1997 a number of community leaders of Wringinputih expressed their concerns and initiated local wisdom in the form of mangrove forests in favor of ex-location of shrimp farms. The research data were collected through descriptive qualitative method and in-depth interviews with some community leaders, the management of mangrove forests, selected individuals to obtain valuable information on local wisdoms related to the conservation of mangrove forests and the making of ecotourism destination. As a result, Wringinputih village community eventually restored mangrove forests in favor of the shrimp farms, and this particular success can apparently be applied elsewhere. Hence, with mangrove forest restoration, other natural resources grow exponentially and many mangrove-based tourism resorts are developed. The coastal communities can accelerate through many activities and job vacancies that they eventually can improve their social welfare.
Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (Odha) merupakan salah satu penyandang masalah sosial yang mengalami permasalahan di berbagai dimensi, terlebih pada dimensi sosial seperti terkucilkan dari lingkungan sosial, tidak memiliki dukungan sosial, kesulitan menjalin relasi dengan lingkungan sosial, sehingga menjadi introvert dan tidak percaya diri dengan status dirinya sebagai Odha. Untuk membantu Odha mengatasi masalah pada dimensi sosialnya, di Kabupaten Jember terdapat Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) Pelangi yang melakukan intervensi baik dengan pendekatan individu maupun kelompok. Dalam melakukan intervensi, terdapat pendamping yang diantaranya adalah mantan Odha dan bukan mantan Odha. Peran pendamping KDS sangat mendukung dalam membantu Odha untuk mengatasi masalah sosial yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui berbagai peran pendamping KDS dalam setiap tahapan intervensi pada Odha di Klinik Vicity RSUD Balung Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan tipe deskriptif, dan teknik penentuan informan dengan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat berbagai peran yang dilakukan oleh pendamping KDS pelangi dalam setiap tahapan intervensi pada Odha terutama pada dimensi sosialnya. Dengan memaksimalkan peran-peran tersebut, pendamping KDS Pelangi berhasil melakukan intervensi dengan baik pada setiap tahapannya ABSTRACT People living HIV / AIDS have social problems in various dimensions, especially in the social dimension such as being excluded from the social environment, lacking social support, difficulties in establishing relationships with the social environment, and being not confident with status as himself as a person with HIV. To help people living HIV/AIDS problems in their social dimensions, in Jember Regency there is a Peer Support Group (PSG) of Pelangi which intervenes both with individual and group approaches. In carrying out the intervention, there were social worker who included former People living HIV/AIDS and not The role of social worker of the peer support group is very supportive in helping people living HIV/AIDS to overcome the social problems they face. This study was conducted to determine the various roles of PSG of Pelangi in each stage of intervention in people living HIV at the Vicity Clinic in Balung Hospital, Jember Regency. This study uses qualitative research, with descriptive types, and informant determination techniques with purposive sampling. The results of the study indicate that there are various roles carried out by the social worker of the pelangi peer support group at each stage of intervention in people living HIV/AIDS especially in the social dimension. By maximizing these roles, the social worker of the PSG pelangi assistant managed to intervene well at each stage.
Stunting merupakan gagal tumbuh pada balita karena gizi kronis yang terjadi terutama pada 1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Kerusakan yang diakibatkan kondisi stunting susah untuk diperbaiki, maka perlu adanya usaha perbaikan gizi di 1.000 HPK sebagai upaya preventif untuk mencegah anak stunting. Program ini bertujuan untuk mengajak masyarakat “nyengok” ibu hamil dan ibu hamil dapat “nyengok” dirinya sendiri terkait faktor resiko kehamilannya yang dapat meningkatkan resiko anak stunting, seperti masalah kecukupan gizi selama kehamilan serta agar kader kesehatan dan masyarakat dapat berperan aktif dalam memantau, mengingatkan, mengarahkan, memfasilitasi untuk melakukan pemeriksaan rutin. Adapun deskripsi program pelaksanaan kegiaatan meliputi pendataan bumil, sosialisasi program kepada kades dan bidan desa, sosialisasi program pada para kader kesehatan dan pendampingan kader kesehatan ketika terjun ke masyarakat. Penyuluhan berjalan dengan baik, peserta antusias mengikuti kegiatan, hal ini disebabkan karena semuanya memiliki motivasi yang sama untuk menuntaskan stunting dan menjaga agar ibu dan janin sehat dan selamat. Sebanyak 45 kader kesehatan yang ada di desa Gunung Malang siap untuk mendampingi ibu hamil sejak trimester pertama hingga ibu melahirkan bayinya. Oleh karena itu, program ini penting untuk diterapkan, sehingga ibu hamil yang beresiko ini menjadi prioritas pendampingan oleh kader kesehatan.
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