The effects of the fungus, Trichoderma harzanium, treated cassava waste on milk quantity and quality were investigated in a completely randomized design model with twelve lactating West African dwarf does. Goats were fed the experimental diets containing O (A), 20 (B), 30 (C) and 40% (D) Trichoderma treated cassava waste during a 13 week lactation trial. The results revealed significant differences in milk quantity and quality. The highest milk yield was recorded for diet D followed closely by diets C, B and A in that order. Inclusion of fungus treated cassava waste resulted in significant increasing milk fat, protein, solids not fat (SNF), and total solids. While the inclusion had little effect on milk pH and specific gravity. The yield of 40% fat corrected milk (FCM) and gross efficiency of milk increased significantly (P < 0.05) by the addition of fungus treated cassava waste in the diet. In conclusion, the addition of Trichoderma treated cassava waste was beneficial to lactating West African dwarf goats.
Seed priming is used to achieve different objectives of crop production. These include better germination, improved growth and yield as well as better tolerance to different environmental stresses. Some of the methods employed work for some crops while they are detrimental to others. The present work x-rayed different aspects of priming technology starting from its types and ends with its direct and indirect effects. It started with explanation of different types of priming media: hydro-priming, osmo-priming, hormonal and chemical priming. It then examined optimum priming concentration and duration. It also looked into how seed priming improves yield and yield quality of different crops. It further examined how seed priming aids direct seeding, confers tolerance against drought, salinity and low temperature stresses in plants. In addition, it discussed how thermo-inhibition and oxidative stress are alleviated with seed priming. In the same vein, It explained some of the mechanisms of priming operation and answered the question on whether seed priming is a source of stress to seeds or not. Moreover, it justifiably elucidated biochemical and enzymatic changes, pattern of genetic expression, and proteomics of primed seeds and their resulting plants. Finally, it answered the question on whether seed priming has direct or indirect effects on plants. The information contained in this paper will aid understanding of seed priming technology and make transition from its theoretical knowledge to practical use an easy task.
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