Background. Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year and ranks alongside the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. Purpose. To assess the outcome of tuberculosis treatment and to identify factors associated with tuberculosis treatment outcome. Methods. A five-year retrospective cross-sectional study was employed and data were collected through medical record review. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and binary and multiple logistic regression methods were used. A value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant in the final model. Results. Out of the 1584 pulmonary TB patients (882 males and 702 females) including all age group, 60.1% had successful outcome and 39.9% had unsuccessful outcome. In the final multivariate logistic model, the odds of unsuccessful treatment outcome was higher among patients of weight category 30-39.9 kg (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.102-2.065) and smear negative pulmonary TB (AOR = 3.204, 95% CI: 2.277-4.509) and extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 3.175, 95% CI: 2.201-4.581) and retreatment (AOR = 6.733, 95% CI: 3.235-14.013) and HIV positive TB patients (AOR = 1.988, 95% CI: 1.393-2.838) and unknown HIV status TB patients (AOR = 1.506, 95% CI: 1.166-1.945) as compared to their respective comparison groups. Conclusion. In this study, high proportion of unsuccessful treatment outcome was documented. Therefore emphasis has to be given for patients with high risk of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome and targeted interventions should be carried out.

AbstractÖz Purpose: A considerable number of individuals in developing countries do not attend physicians for their illnesses; instead they commonly use self-medication. Although responsible self-medication with over the counter (OTC) drugs is often acceptable and promoted as one form of self-care, self-medication with prescription drugs is inappropriate and should always be discouraged. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of selfmedication and associated factors in Sire town, West Ethiopia. Material and Methods: A community based crosssectional study was conducted on 423 households, which were selected systematically. Data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Two hundred forty three individuals in 230 households perceived illness two weeks prior to the study. Out of them, 66 (27.16%) used self-medication. The practice of self-medication was not significantly associated with sex, educational status, occupation and income of the patients or caregivers. The most frequent illness reported for self-medication was headache (37.89%). Most (84.84%) of the drugs used for self-medication were obtained from drug stores. The relatively lower cost was the major, 21 (31.82%), reason for using self-medication. Analgesics were the largest category of medicinal agents used for self-medication 34(40.96%), followed by antibiotics 20(24.10%), traditional medicines 17(20.48%), antimalarials 4(4.71%), and anthelminthics 3(3.53%). Conclusion: Self-medication was practiced by considerably large number of the study participants. The prevalence of self-medication with prescription drugs like antimicrobials was also high. Self-medication with these drugs without medical consultation may lead to inappropriate use and thereby contribute to emergence of drug resistance. Amaç:Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde bireylerin büyük kısmı, hastalıkları için doktora gitmek yerine kendi kendine tedavi yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Kendi kendine tedavide genelde reçetesiz ilaçlar kullanılmakta ve kişisel bakımın bir formu olarak desteklenmekteysede reçeteli ilaçlar kişisel tedaviye uygun olmayıp desteklenmemelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Batı Etiyopya'nın Sire şehrinde kendi kendine tedavi ve ilgili faktörlerin sıklığının saptanmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplum tabanlı bu kesitsel çalışma, sistematik olarak seçilmiş 423 aile ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış anket ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: İkiyüz otuz aileden 243 bireyde, çalışmadan 2 hafta öncesinde hastalık farkedilmiştir, onların dışında, 66 birey (%27.16) kendi kendine tedavi kullanmıştır. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulaması ile hasta ve hasta bakıcısının cinsiyet, eğitim seviyesi, meslek ve kazancı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Kendi kendine tedavi için en sık karşılaşılan hastalık başağrısıdır. (%37.89). Kendi kendine tedavi için kullanılan ilaçların çoğu (84.84%) eczanelerden sağlanmaktadır. Kendi kendine tedavi uygulamasının en önemli nedeni düşük fiyattır, 21 (%31.82). Tıbbi ajanlar arasında en fazla kullanılanlar analjeziklerdir 34...