This study aims to determine which format the university students and preservice teachers receiving the pedagogical formation training prefer in readings for academic purposes. The study group of the research using the general survey approach were 189 pedagogical formation students (110 [58.2%] male, 79 [41.8%] female) who were continuing their university education or graduated from university. The scale named "Your Preference of Format When Reading: Printed? Electronic?" was used as the data collection instrument. Descriptive analyses were performed and frequency distributions were calculated through the data obtained. The findings were presented under the titles of Preference and Behavior of Reading, Note Taking and Highlighting Important Points in the Preferred Format, Learning, Reminding, Concentration, and Preferred Device and Language of Material. The research results indicate that the preservice teacher find it hard to read in electronic environment, prefer rather printed texts for note taking and learning, prefer reading the course materials by taking printouts as the amount of text increases and therefore getting more concentrated, and the most used devices for reading electronic texts are smartphones and computer.
Dünyada her yıl yaklaşık 340 milyon iş kazası ve 160 milyon işle ilgili hastalık meydana gelmektedir. Küresel işgücünün yalnızca %1’ini oluşturan madencilik, iş yerindeki ölümcül kazaların yaklaşık %8’inden sorumludur. Türkiye mesleki ölüm ve yaralanma hızlarında üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. Türkiye’nin en çok ölümle sonuçlanan iş ve madencilik kazası, 13 Mayıs 2014’te Manisa’nın Soma ilçesinde meydana gelen ve 301 kişinin ölümüne neden olan maden felaketidir. Madencilik ile ilgili çalışma gruplarında yüz bin işçi başına ölüm hızları 2018 yılında Türkiye’de 44,0 iken ABD’de 14,1, Polonya’da 9,3 ve Avustralya’da 3,7 olarak saptanmıştır. Yer altı kömür madenlerinde görülen büyük maden kazalarının başlıca nedenleri grizu patlamaları, kömür tozu patlamaları, ani gaz püskürmeleri, göçükler, yangınlar, su baskınları, nakliye ve mekanizasyonla ilgili sorunlardır. Maden kazaları ve felaketleri önlenebilirdir. Modern kömür madenlerinde sıkı güvenlik prosedürleri, sağlık ve güvenlik standartları, işçi eğitimi ve öğretimi olmalıdır. Yer altı kömür madenlerinde gaz izleme ve erken uyarı sistemlerinin kurulması, madenlerin havasının izlenmesi ve kayıt altına alınması gereklidir. Madencilik sektörü için gerekli mevzuat düzenlemelerinin yanında; sürekli izleme, değerlendirme ve denetlemeye ihtiyaç vardır.
Methotrexate, a folic acid antagonist, is widely used in the treatment of neoplasms in addition to diseases such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Although well tolerated under normal conditions, the use of more than the recommended doses may cause life-threatening toxicities. Toxicity due to high doses of methotrexate is manifested by bone marrow inhibition, gastrointestinal mucosal damage and pancytopenia. Most cases result from overdose. However, serious adverse events that result in mortality, in particular those of mixing medication in elderly patients, are rare. Herein, we present the case of a 72-year-old man who admitted to the emergency department with painful oral ulcers, inability to swallow and a general impaired condition, and died of sepsis after developing neutropenic enterocolitis following a fever and neutropenia.
Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the world. With the antiretroviral treatments developed over the years, viral replication is suppressed even though the disease cannot be cured yet. However, antiretroviral therapy (ART), like all drugs, has brought with it undesirable side effects as well as positive effects. In addition, demographic characteristics, accompanying comorbidities, organ dysfunctions, viral load, CD4 T lymphocyte count, ART resistance status, coinfections, pregnancy are also effective factors in the initial ART decision and change. In this study, we aimed to show the treatment status of HIV-positive patients followed in the infectious diseases outpatient clinic of our hospital and to determine the factors that affect ART change. Materials and Methods: Demographic data of HIV-positive patients followed in the infectious diseases outpatient clinic between January 2016 and May 2021, HIV-RNA and CD4 T lymphocyte results obtained before and after antiretroviral therapy, and the reasons for changing treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean age of the patients included in the study was 40.0 ± 13.9 (min: 20-max: 76), and 16 (18%) were female and 71 (82%) were male. Treatment was changed in 32% of the patients. Changes were made due to drug-related side effects in 43%, patient-related reasons (such as single tablet request, non-compliance with treatment) in 25%, and virological unresponsiveness in 18% of patients who underwent treatment change. The most common cause of drug changes due to side effects was hyperlipidemia. The treatment regimens that changed the initial treatment were most frequently TDF/FTC/LPV/r and TDF/FTC/EFV, respectively. Conclusion: As a result of our study, we found that the most common cause of ART change in HIV-positive patients in our hospital was drug-related side effects, and patient non-compliance was the second most common. It is important to know the factors that cause these changes in advance and to make choices accordingly when starting the treatment, in order to increase patient compliance and facilitate follow-up.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an acute, subacute, and chronic infectious disease affecting the heart valves and endocardium. Although IE is a rare disease, it is still important because of the morbidity and mortality it causes. Because of non-specific clinical manifestations of IE such as fever, malaise, anemia, and embolic complications, the disease may be confused with many disease manifestations and the diagnosis may be delayed. This article reported two cases with an initial diagnosis of meningitis and cellulitis as a result of embolic complications of IE.
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