Aims Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition affected by many factors. We aimed to show the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MeTS) on male sexual function based on visceral adiposity index (VAI). Methods Participants who met MeTS criteria (Group 1, n = 96) and did not meet MeTS criteria (Group 2, n = 189) were included in this cross‐sectional study. The MeTS diagnosis was made in the presence of at least 3 of the following criteria: fasting serum glucose level higher than 100 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol level below 40 mg/dL, triglyceride level higher than 150 mg/dL, waist circumference higher than 102 cm and blood pressure higher than 130/85 mmHg. Demographic data were recorded; biochemical and hormonal tests were measured. Erectile and other sexual function scores were recorded. The VAI was calculated using the [(Waist Circumference/39.68) + (1.88 × body mass index)] × triglyceride/1.03 × 1.31/HDL formula. Results Mean age, smoking volume, testosterone (T) and testosterone/estradiol (T/E2) ratios of the groups were similar (P > .05). The mean VAI was two‐fold higher in patients in Group 1 (P < .001) and erectile function score was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (P = .001). Other sexual function scores were similar (P > .05). The METS was associated with an increased risk of ED (P = .001). Logistic regression analysis showed that each integer increase in the VAI was associated with a 1.4‐fold increased risk of ED (P < .001). Higher T values were associated with a better erectile function (P = .03). For the VAI = 4.33, receiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed a sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 57.7%. Conclusion Compared with non‐MeTS, the presence of MeTS has emerged as a risk factor for patients with ED with high VAI levels while the other sexual functions are preserved. Management of ED patients with MeTS should cover a comprehensive metabolic and endocrinological evaluation in addition to andrological work up.
The metabolic syndrome (MeTS) negatively affects male sexual function. Lifestyle changes improve erectile function. However, the effects of lifestyle changes on sexual function in men with and without MeTS on the visceral adiposity index (VAI) have not been adequately investigated. Patients with MeTS (n = 48) and those with no MeTS (n = 31) were recruited. Sexual functions and psychogenic status were assessed using the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF) questionnaire and Beck’s depression inventory (BDI), respectively. The VAI was calculated using the gender-specific formula. Demographic, clinical, biochemical and hormonal data were recorded. Participants were advised to 8500 steps per day and dietary control. At least three months later, demographic and biochemical tests were repeated, and the VAI was calculated. Association between sexual functions, presence of MeTS and lifestyle changes via the VAI were analyzed. Each integer increase of the VAI was related to a 1.74-fold increased risk of ED in the MeTS group. The MeTS was related to moderate to severe ED than those with no MeTS (p = 0.033). A 24% decrease of the VAI was recorded in the MeTS group at the end of the study (p = 0.014). The MeTS criteria were disappeared in eight patients at the end of the study, with a slight decrease of VAI (p = 0.07). In the beginning, patients with MeTS and no-MeTS showed similar sexual satisfaction, orgasm, desire, and general satisfaction scores. Sexual satisfaction, orgasm and general satisfaction were improved in the non-MeTS group (p < 0.05). At the end of the study, the MeTS group showed similar sexual satisfaction, desire, orgasm and general satisfaction rates (p > 0.05). Higher VAI levels were related to the lower erectile function scores, particularly in patients with MeTS. Lifestyle changes improved male sexual function scores only in the non-MeTS group. Therefore, fighting against MeTS should be adopted as a global healthcare policy.
Aims:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition affected by many factors. We aimed to show the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MeTS) on male sexual function based on VAI and the impact of increased levels of the VAI was investigated in patients with ED among the patients with and without MeTS. Methods:Participants who met MeTS criteria (Group 1, n=96) and without MeTS (Group 2, n=189) were included in this cross-sectional study. The MeTS diagnosis was made in the presence of at least three of the following criteria: serum glucose level higher than 100 mg/dl, HDL cholesterol level below 40 mg/dl, triglyceride level greater than 150 mg/dl, waist circumference greater than 102 cm and blood pressure greater than 130/85 mmHg. Demographic data were recorded; biochemical and hormonal tests were measured. Erectile and other sexual function scores were recorded. The VAI was calculated using the [(WC/39.68)+(1.88xMI)]xTG/1.03x1.31/HDL formula. Results:Mean age, smoking volume, T and T/E2 ratios of the groups were similar (p>0.05). Mean VAI was two-fold higher in patients in Group 1 (p<0.001) and erectile function score was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (p=0.001). Other sexual function scores were similar (p>0.05). The METS was associated with an increased risk of ED (p=0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that each integer increase of the VAI was associated with a 1.4-fold increased risk of ED (p<0.001). Higher T values were associated with a better erectile function (p=0.03). For the VAI=4.33, receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed a sensitivity of 89.6 % and specificity of 57.7 %. Conclusion:Compared to non-MeTS, the presence of MeTS has emerged as a risk factor for patients with ED with high VAI levels while the other sexual functions are preserved. Management of ED patients with MeTS should cover a comprehensive metabolic and endocrinological evaluation in addition to andrological work up.
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