The genetic structure of three Kazakh sheep breeds was examined by using 12 microsatellite loci. A total of 144 alleles were detected from the 12 STR loci, with a mean value of 12.0. The highest allele diversity was found at the locus CSRD247 (16 alleles). PIC value showed that all studied STR markers are more informative and appropriate for genetic analysis of three Kazakh sheep populations. Beside of INRA006, all markers had high level of genetic variability. As Fixation index shows, the excess of the heterozygosity was observed only in loci MAF065. Obtained number of private alleles in Edilbai, Kazakh Arkhar Merino and Kazakh Fine-wool sheep were 25, 17 and 15 respectively. Genetic diversity was higher in Edilbai population than in other two populations. The genetic variability was lower in Kazakh Arkhar Merino sheep than in the Edilbai and Kazakh Fine-wool sheep breeds. The genetic distance was the largest between Edilbai and Kazakh Arkhar Merinos. Also, the moderate differentiation was observed between Edilbai and Kazakh Arkhar Merinos.
Kazakh fine-wool sheep bred in semiarid and desert zones of the Kazakhstan South-East are most widely spread in the Republic. However, most sheep do not satisfy the respective requirements of the breed in terms of productivity and especially reproductive capacity. Consequently, increasing the breeding performance and yield of commercial lambs is one of the most urgent issues in fine-wool sheep breeding. One of the tasks for scientists and agricultural specialists is to develop efficient methods to increase the reproductive capacity of fine-wool sheep and preserve lambs to the age of one year, one of the ways to increase the breeding performance being the selection of polycarpous pairs intended to accelerate the breeding rate for the mentioned product.
The article presents a comparative assessment of the milk productivity, reproductive qualities and productive longevity of Holstein cows of the black-and-white breed, depending on the first insemination of heifers and their linear affiliation. The optimal age of fertilization was established, taking into account the live weight and the duration of economic use of Holstinized black-and-white cows in the conditions of a peasant farm. A comparative analysis of the exterior of cows found that the optimal age for the first fruitful insemination of Holstein heifers of the black-and-white breed is 16-17 months, that cows with the age of the first insemination of 16-17 months to the third lactation came with higher indicators of linear evaluation. The economic efficiency of increasing milk productivity, reproductive qualities and productive longevity is determined depending on the age of the first insemination and the linear affiliation of Holstein cows of the black-and-white breed of cattle in the Almaty region. Keywords: reproduction, longevity, milk productivity, age of the first calving, insemination, live weight of cows, service period, dry period, blood oximetry, protein composition of blood serum.
В статье представлены результаты выращивания молоди тиляпии (Oreochromis niloticus) и клариевого сома (Clarias gariepinus) в мини-УЗВ (мини-установка замкнутого водоснабжения) смонтированным в инкубационном цеху на рыбоводном хозяйстве ТОО «Капшагайское нерестово-выростное хозяйство-1973» в Алматинской области. При проведении работ были использованы общепринятые методики выращивания теплолюбивых рыб, оценку кaчествa воды проводили по общепринятым в гидрохимии методикaм. Приведены дaнные по основным гидрохимическим параметрам воды в мини-УЗВ при выращивании молоди ценных видов рыб, дан срaвнительный aнaлиз рыбоводно-биологических покaзaтелей молоди тиляпии и клариевого сома. В результате исследованных рыбоводно-биологических показателей тиляпии и клариевого сома. Каждому виду живого корма (дафния, моина) присудили определенное рейтинговое место применительно к использованию в качестве корма для рыб. В итоге работ установлено, что выращивание рыбопосадочного материала тиляпии и клариевого сома в условиях мини-УЗВ при использовании живых кормов является эффективным. Средний вес молоди тиляпии и клариевого сома при вырaщивaнии в таких условиях состaвилa 0,5-0,6г, при выживaемости 96-98%. Полученные результаты проведенных работ показывают, при использовании различных видов живых кормов для молоди тиляпии и клариевого сома на ранних стадиях онтогенеза эффективны моины, нежели дафния.
The article reflects the data of scientific research that can serve the practice of selection and breeding work under conditions of various forms of ownership, as well as the improvement of selection and breeding work and the technology of production of high-quality and competitive sheep products in the conditions of year-round use of the foothill-steppe and desert pastures of the south of Kazakhstan. The research of polymorphism systems of serum proteins of sheep's blood of different intra-breed types by gender and age groups revealed the presence of certain allele combinations and the ratio of transferrin and hemoglobin genotypes. It has been established that these animals have their own specific range of frequencies of occurrence of alleles and combinations of genotypes. Based on the results obtained, the possibility of using genetic blood markers in the early assessment of the productive qualities of animals has been established. As a result of scientifically based breeding methods, in the “Batai-Shu” LLP in Zhambyl region created a breeding australized herd of the South Kazakh Merino breed with a white wool yolk, a cut of washed wool of 3.1 kg with a yield of 48-50%.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.