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These results revealed that circRNAs may play a role in breast cancer chemoresistance and that hsa_circ_0006528 might be a promising candidate for further functional analysis.

We develop a pebble-driven core accretion model to study the formation and evolution of planets around stars in the stellar mass range of 0.08 M and 1 M . By Monte Carlo sampling of the initial conditions, the growth and migration of a large number of individual protoplanetary embryos are simulated in a population synthesis manner. We test two hypotheses for the birth locations of embryos: at the water ice line or log-uniformly distributed over entire protoplanetary disks. Two types of disks with different turbulent viscous parameters αt of 10 −3 and 10 −4 are also investigated, to shed light on the role of outwards migration of protoplanets. The forming planets are compared with the observed exoplanets in terms of masses, semimajor axes, metallicities and water contents. We find that gas giant planets are likely to form when the characteristic disk sizes are larger, the disk accretion rates are higher, the disks are more metal rich and/or their stellar hosts are more massive. Our model shows that 1) the characteristic mass of super-Earth is set by the pebble isolation mass. Super-Earth masses increase linearly with the mass of its stellar host, corresponding to one Earth mass around a late M-dwarf star and 20 Earth masses around a solar-mass star. 2) The low-mass planets up to 20 M⊕ can form around stars with a wide range of metallicities, while massive gas giant planets are preferred to grow around metal rich stars. 3) Super-Earth planets that are mainly composed of silicates, with relatively low water fractions can form from protoplanetary embryos at the water ice line in weakly turbulent disks where outwards migration is suppressed. However, if the embryos are formed over a wide range of radial distances, the super-Earths would end up having a distinctive, bimodal composition in water mass. Altogether, our model succeeds in quantitatively reproducing several important observed properties of exoplanets and correlations with their stellar hosts.

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Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been rapidly developed, counting as the most promising alternative to the Si solar cells. The fabrication of perovskite films with controlled crystallinity and grain size is critical for highly efficient and stable solar cells. In this work, thiourea (TU) serving as a Lewis acid‐base adduct is introduced into the CH3NH3PbI3 precursor. A smooth and large grained perovskite crystal is obtained without the intermediate phase PbI2 · SC(NH2)2 using the ideal thiourea amount. Thiourea, through forming MAI · PbI2 · DMSO · thiourea in perovskite precursor solution, significantly impacts the perovskite crystallinity and morphology, as proved using X‐ray diffraction patterns and infrared spectroscopy. Light harvesting, suppressed defect state, and enhanced charge separation and transport of the perovskite absorber layer are improved. The optimum performance of perovskite solar cells with TU demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.80%, an average steady‐state PCE of 18.60% and potent stability under ambient air.

Although clinically associated with severe developmental defects, the biological function of FOXK2 remains poorly explored. Here we report that FOXK2 interacts with transcription corepressor complexes NCoR/SMRT, SIN3A, NuRD, and REST/CoREST to repress a cohort of genes including HIF1β and EZH2 and to regulate several signaling pathways including the hypoxic response. We show that FOXK2 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells and suppresses the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. Interestingly, FOXK2 is transactivated by ERα and transrepressed via reciprocal successive feedback by HIF1β/EZH2. Significantly, the expression of FOXK2 is progressively lost during breast cancer progression, and low FOXK2 expression is strongly correlated with higher histologic grades, positive lymph nodes, and ERα/PR/HER2 status, all indicators of poor prognosis.

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