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Soil erosion is a major limitation for achieving sustainable development. Controlling soil detachment in initial stage of soil erosion induced by rainfall is necessary. Several organic and inorganic amendments have been used to reduce rainfall-induced erosion. Meanwhile, the impact of soil microorganisms has been approved on improving soil aggregation by previous studies. However, studying the feasibility of inoculation of soil microorganisms to reduce soil loss by rainfall-induced erosion has not been considered yet. Hence, the present study was planned to investigate the controllability of soil loss induced by rainfall-induced through the inoculation of bacteria and cyanobacteria into a study soil. Soil samples were collected from an erosion-prone area from which suitable existing bacteria and cyanobacteria for soil and water conservation were selected, purified and proliferated. The bacteria and cyanobacteria were then inoculated

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The new genus Oxnerella is proposed for the lichen similar to Iranian endemic species Lecania ochronigra J. Steiner. Its isolated position in the phylogenetic tree after combined ITS nrDNA and 12S SSU mtDNA data set including members of the Ramalinaceae, Lecideaceae, Lecanoraceae and Megasporaceae is discussed. Description of the new species Oxnerella safavidiorum, comparison with allied taxa and illustrations is provided. The new combination Thamnolecania racovitzae (basionym: Lecanora racovitzae Vain.) is proposed.