In this work, digital circuits and systems based on single-electron tunneling technology will be presented and analyzed. A simple design methodology will be proposed using a programmable single-electron NAND/NOR gate as a building block. Aspects such as operating temperature, noise, and charge fluctuations will be discussed. SET devices can reach ultra-low power consumption and high frequencies during operation. Although there are already many digital SET circuits and systems previously proposed and studied, there are few works about design methodology for SETs. This study shows a proposal for designing combinational and sequential singleelectron circuits aiming at systems design. In the end, this work reinforces the use of single-electron technology as a possible large scale device in the future.
This work proposes for the first time an analog neuromorphic circuit architecture of the spontaneous Ca 2+ oscillations in astrocytes. Spontaneous oscillatory behavior is not dependent on synaptic stimulation, thus suggesting that astrocytes can act as a primary source in generating neuronal activity. Transistor differential pairs are used to implement an approximation to the nonlinear sigmoidal biological functions. The circuit architecture is validated through simulation and its dynamical bevahior is compared against the mathematical model using a phase diagram analysis. Results show a satisfactory fit. Finally, the spontaneous oscillations generated by the proposed circuit are used to successfully simulate the release of glutamate and ATP. Keywords: Astrocyte, Neuromorphic, Spontaneous Oscillations, Analog, Circuit
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