The presented paper deals with a study of selected rubber compounds as well as their vulcanizates with partially replaced commonly used filler by adding selected alternative fillers. Alternative fillers were mixed into rubber compounds as partial replacement of commonly used filler – carbon black. As an alternative partial replacement of common filler, we have chosen fine fractions of the waste of thermoplastics. The differences of rubber compounds were based on the amount of used alternative filler. We determined vulcanization characteristics of prepared tread compounds and physical and mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of their vulcanizates. From the measured results it can be concluded that studied waste can be used in the function of filler into rubber, as partial replacement of commonly used filler.

The presented paper deals with the use of waste materials as ecological fillers into rubber matrix. Waste materials were used as partial replacement of the commercial filler – carbon black, designated as N339. These prepared rubber compounds were characterized on the basis of the rheology and vulcanization characteristics – minimum torque (ML), maximum torque (MH), optimum time of vulcanization (t(c90)), processing safety of compound (ts), rate coefficient of vulcanization (Rv). In the case of the prepared vulcanizates, physical-mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensibility and hardness) and dynamic-mechanical properties (storage modulus, loss modulus, loss angle tan δ) were investigated. Using the dependency of loss angle on temperature, the selected properties for tyre tread vulcanizates were evaluated, including traction on snow and ice, traction on the wet surface and rolling resistance.

The aim of given paper is to study selected polymers using dynamic mechanical analysis method (DMA). DMA is one of the most useful techniques for the study of the viscoelastic behaviour of thermoplastic polymers. In relation to DMA, an oscillatory stress and strain is applied to the material at specific frequencies and temperatures and based on this mentioned fact hereinbefore, the resulting changes after the loading in the material are measured. This technique allows detecting the melting temperature and the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic materials. Furthermore, some spectroscopy techniques, such as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), were also used for the investigation of the thermoplastics. The thermoplastics used for examination, namely polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate, were gained from the waste of the packaging.

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The presented work was dealing with the study of the commercial filler influence change in rubber blend by an alternative filler based on the clay mineral - illite. The focus of the presented work was aimed at the study of selected curing characteristics of rubber blend with addition of clay mineral filler and physico-mechanical properties of prepared vulcanizates. Curing characteristics, the processing safety, minimum and maximum torque, optimal curing time and curing rate coefficient were determined during the curing experiment phase. Selected physico-mechanical properties were given by the determination of hardness, tensibility and tensile strength. The obtained results proved the possibility of partial commercial filler replacement by an alternative filler and the positive effect of clay mineral on resulting important properties in rubber industry.

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Processing and material recovery of waste is an important aspect of environmental policy. Ash is waste in terms of legislation, but it is also a material that can be reused. Various works propose that biofuel ash could be used as inorganic fertilizer. The object of this work is based on using of wood ash (WA) from biomass and its modified form as the alternative filler in rubber mixtures. The WA samples with particle size of 25 and 40 µm were modified by silanization and properties of ash samples were characterized by elemental analysis (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Model rubber blends were prepared by using modified wood ash as a partial replacement of conventional filler. Furthermore, the influence of the addition of ash on the cure characteristics (minimum torque – ML , maximum torque – MH , optimal cure time – t90 , scorch time ts2 ), mechanical properties (tensile strength at break – TSb , elongation at break – Eb and hardness) and physical properties (cross-link density) in sulfur-cured SBR composites were investigated. Dispersion of the WA filler and its incorporation into vulcanizates were based on observation of the fracture surfaces of vulcanizates by SEM. The results confirmed that the wood ash did not significantly affects the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates and can be used as a partial replacement of carbon black in SBR vulcanizates.