The perspective of maintaining residential buildings in adequate technical condition is one of the most important problems over the course of their service life. The aim of the work is to present issues connected with the methods of predicting the process of changes in performance characteristics over the entire period that a building, constructed using traditional technology, is operational. Identification of the technical situation consists of a prognosis based on the analytical form of the distribution function and probability density of building usability. The technical condition of a building results from its past, while familiarity with the condition is necessary to determine how the building will behave in the future. The presented predictive diagnostics of the performance characteristics of an entire building and its elements is an original methodology of describing the lifespan of a building. In addition to identifying the technical condition, its aim is also to aid in making decisions regarding maintenance works. The developed model of predicting changes in the performance characteristics of buildings, the Prediction of Reliability according to Exponentials Distribution (PRED), is based on the principles applied for technical devices. The model is characterized by significant limitations in its application due to the negligible influence of wear processes. In connection with the above, the Prediction of Reliability according to Raleigh Distribution (PRDD) was developed, where the carried-out processes of changes in the performance characteristics are described using Rayleigh’s distribution, and the building is a multi-element system. Model development would be incomplete without subjecting it to verification. Predicting the degree of the technical wear of load-bearing walls of a building is a form of checking the proposed PRED and PRRD models on the basis of data derived from periodical inspections of the research material. The developed model of the time distribution of the proper functioning of a building, presented as an image of the forecast of changes in the technical condition, can be applied to solving problems occurring in practice. The targeted approach to predicting the occurrence of damage will allow for optimal planning of maintenance works in buildings during their entire service life.

The scope of renovation works depends, above all, on the state in which a historical site has been preserved. All actions ought to be preceded by an assessment of the technical condition of the buildings. The article presents a method for determining the s needs for renovating existing buildings constructed in traditional technology. The established planning decision criteria, determined by measures of decision criteria and the weights of these criteria comprise output data for establishing a matrix for the order in which works ought to be carried out. Results of using it on inhabited residential buildings located in Gorzów Wielkopolski have also been presented.Keywords: technical condition, degree of wear, renovation needs INTRODUCTIONMaintaining residential buildings in adequate technical condition requires, above all, carrying out renovation works. However, these are often neglected and, with the passing of time, repair needs continue to grow larger groups of buildings it can be stated that the buildings and their individual components display different degrees of damage. The accurate determination of the technical condition of the building and reasons behind the damage make it possible to determine repair needs. However, due to restricted financial sources, the problem for the decision of the element subjected to renovation. The proposed method for determining ROPOSAL FOR DETERMING THE SCALE OF RENOVATION NEEDS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGSBeata NOWOGOŃSKA 1 University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland AbstractThe scope of renovation works depends, above all, on the state in which a historical site has been preserved. All actions ought to be preceded by an assessment of the technical condition of the buildings. The article presents a method for determining the s needs for renovating existing buildings constructed in traditional technology. The established planning decision criteria, determined by measures of decision criteria and the weights of these criteria comprise output data for establishing a matrix of indicators for the order in which works ought to be carried out. Results of using it on inhabited residential buildings located in Gorzów Wielkopolski have also been presented. technical condition, degree of wear, renovation needs IONMaintaining residential buildings in adequate technical condition requires, above all, carrying out renovation works. However, these are often neglected and, with the passing of time, repair needs continue to grow [2, 3, larger groups of buildings it can be stated that the buildings and their individual components display different degrees of damage. The accurate determination of the technical condition of the building and reasons behind the damage make it to determine repair needs. However, due to restricted financial sources, the problem for the decision-maker is always the dilemma regarding the choice of the element subjected to renovation. The proposed method for determining NTIAL BUILDINGSThe scope of renovation works depends, above all, on the state in which a histori...

Each building, over the course of subsequent years of use, undergoes wear, with a deterioration of its technical condition. As a result of this, the performance characteristics of a building decrease with the passing of time, with their complete or partial restoration requiring repair and renovation works to be carried out. It is the task of real estate managers or owners to maintain the building in a non-deteriorating technical and functional condition. In order to preserve the technical and functional condition of a building at an adequate level, methodological support of decision-making processes pertaining to the conducting of rational maintenance management is necessary. The present article presents a proposal of a model allowing for the accurate assessment of the costs of renovation and repair works on a building at a given stage of its use, and their relationship with the value of the technical wear of the building in the same time period. Residential buildings constructed using traditional technology were subjected to analysis. In the carried out analysis, temporal methods applied for calculating the level of technical wear were applied, with the PRRD (prediction of reliability according to Rayleigh distribution) model of changes in the performance characteristics applied to determine the costs of renovation works necessary for restoring performance characteristics to the building.

In solving problems associated with maintaining buildings in good condition, it is important to recognise the changes in op- IntroductionIn business planning of repairing the buildings one should determine the scope of works. There is no reliable mathematical models that allow the estimation of the operational reliability of a building, often referred to as changes in the building performance. In the case of technical appliances (mechanical and electronic) attempts are undertaken to determine the prediction of their operational reliability, but for buildings -only indicative graphs of changes in performance are presented. The method of behaving and changing the reliability of the building throughout its use will be useful in planning renovations.All appliances are built from parts. Similarly, each building consists of many components. These elements, which fulfil different functions, are made of dissimilar materials, each has different properties, and different durability periods. In order to determine building reliability it is divided into components which are analysed, first separately and then altogether in the entire building. In the process of predicting the reliability of both individual components of a building and a building as a whole, it may be initially assumed that the lifetime of a building is a 100-year time interval.To model a situation for the needs of the survival analysis, when the probability changes in time, the Weibull distribution is most frequently used as a distribution of random variable of the time of the building's usefulness. The probability of the exploitation of a building without any breakdowns in a given period of time is defined as exploitation reliability.

Abstract. Environmental assessment over the course of the full life cycle of a building (LCA -Life Cycle Assessment) covers the environmental burden connected with energy consumption and the accompanying emission of contaminants into the atmosphere from the moment of obtaining a raw material and all stages of its processing and treatment, through the service life of a building, up to the moment that the use value of the building expires and the storage of waste. Literature on the subject is already very rich in this scope. There are numerous works pertaining to the guidelines for calculating all costs of the life cycle of buildings, i.e. environmental, economic and social costs. In these works, however, not much is said about the means of determining the life cycle of building structures. This is very important, especially in the case of the analysing the cycle of the further existence of buildings no longer in use, as well as newly designed ones. The article presents a method of predicting the performance characteristics of a building over the course of its use. The application of this method has been illustrated by the prediction of the performance characteristics of masonry walls, verified by studies carried out on existing buildings. The method -the purpose of research, can be applied to determine the life cycle (LC) of buildings for which LCCA (Life Cycle Cost Analysis) is carried out. A significant problem pertaining to every object in use is ensuring adequate reliability. The process of modeling reliability should have a mathematical basis enabling the problem to be described in detail. The ultimate aim is applying this description when solving problems connected with planning renovation work.