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Litsea cubeba is devoured by the ethnic individuals of Arunachal Pradesh in India as food and has been traditionally used for curing different ailments. The purpose of present study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of fruits of L. cubeba using different solvent extracts, quantification of phenolics, toxicity studies and DNA damage protective activities. The antioxidant activities of fruits using five different solvent extracts completed utilizing different in vitro examines. The quantitation of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds in the methanol extract of the fruits was carried out by HPLC. The in vitro haemolytic examination of plant concentrates were completed on rat erythrocytes. Appraisal of cytotoxicity of eatable fruits was assessed by MTT measure. The genotoxicity of the contemplated plant was tried by the single-cell gel electrophoresis comet measure. The DNA defensive impacts of the aqueous extracts of fruits on rodent lymphocyte DNA lesions were likewise assessed with the comet test. The extract obtained by methanol exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The HPLC examination of the methanol concentrate of the plant demonstrated the occurrence of different phenolic acids and flavonoids like caffeic acid (145.96μg/100mg DE), syringic acid (125.85 μg/100mg DE), ferulic acid (155.89 μg/ 100mg DE), apigenin (28.43 μg/100mg DE), kaempferol (53.41 μg/100mg DE) etc. in various amounts. The consequences of haemolytic lethality, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fluid concentrates of the edible plant ensure the security at cell and genomic level. The fluid concentrate of the plant fundamentally repressed DNA harm and these information recommend that the watery concentrate of L. cubeba can forestall oxidative DNA harm to rodent lymphocytes, which is likely because of antioxidant constituents in the concentrate. These outcomes demonstrate that L. cubeba can be utilized in dietary applications with a possibility to diminish oxidative pressure.

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The consumption of wild edible plants has been instrumental in addressing food and nutritional needs and improving the health of marginalized communities in rural areas worldwide. This study aimed to assess the nutritive value, mineral content, vitamin content, and toxicological status of ten wild edible plants, namely Aralia armata, Macropanax dispermus, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Heracleum wallichii, Tupistra clarkei, and Rumex nepalensis. These plants are commonly consumed by tribal communities in Sikkim, India. Samples of these plants were collected from various regions in Sikkim, and their nutraceutical potential was evaluated using established food analysis methods recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The analysis revealed high protein contents in several species, notably in A. armata (19.30±1.01%). Carbohydrate content ranged from 6.42±0.10% (R. nepalensis) to 11.16±0.48% (T. clarkei). Moreover, all plants exhibited significant mineral content, including sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. Additionally, water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C (11.51±0.24 - 87.56±0.41 mg/100g of dry plant material) as well as B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B9 were present in appreciable amounts. The levels of antinutrients, such as oxalate, phytate, and saponin, as well as heavy metals (lead, chromium, cadmium, and mercury), were found to be below the established toxic thresholds in all plants. Thus, they pose no immediate health risks associated with these compounds. Furthermore, assessments of haemolytic toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of water extracts from the wild edible plants indicated their safety for human consumption. Therefore, this study highlights the potential utilization of wild edible plants as a source of dietary supplements, potentially leading to their commercialization. Understanding consumer perceptions towards wild edible plants in India is crucial in this regard.

Wild edible plants (WEPs) are rich in antioxidants and diverse sections of the plant had been notably utilized as conventional and folklore medicine to cure various human ailments. This study was designed to evaluate the most effective solvent for extracting polyphenols from medicinally important WEPs which includes Coix lacryma-jobi, Herpetospermum pedunculosum, Plukenetia corniculata, Sonchus asper and Streptolirion volubile, which allows to offer medical guide for conventional use of the plant. Individual phenolic component concentrations were determined using RP-HPLC and total phenolic, total flavonoid and total flavonol were quantified using four different solvents. Aqueous ethanol (80%) is most effective solvent for polyphenol extraction amongst solvents of diverse polarities. The studied plants were found to be rich in total phenolics, flavonols, especially gallic acid (1.12 ± 0.33 μg/mg dry extract) and ferulic acid (4.03 ± 0.53 μg/mg dry extract) in the 80% aq. ethanol extract of H. pedunculosum. The correlation analyses of each solvent found out sturdy to susceptible connections amongst all examined parameters, with the best values (r and R2) in 80% aq. ethanol and chloroform, indicating that those solvents have an excessive ability for polyphenol extraction and antioxidant activity. The Principal component analysis revealed that based on the phenolics and polyphenolics content, the 80% aq. ethanol extract of H. pedunculosum was shown to be more potent than the other plants under investigation. Present findings display that aqueous ethanol extracts of the studied plants have better antioxidant activities than synthetic derivatives, indicating their prospective usefulness and ability to replace synthetic derivatives in consumable and medical products.

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Wild edible plants (WEPs) have long been recommended as a functional food and played a vital role in meeting food and nutritional needs, as well as improving the health of underprivileged communities in many rural areas around the world. This study aims to investigate the dietary value, micronutrients, and toxicological status of five WEPs such as Herpetospermum pedunculosum, Coix lacryma-jobi, Sonchus asper, Plukenetia corniculata, and Streptolirion volubile, consumed by indigenous people in Meghalaya, India. All of the plants included significant amounts of protein (5.42-22.16%), carbohydrate (4.47-44.22%), minerals, and vitamins, all of which were measured according to WHO guidelines. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the collective proximate composition, vitamins, and minerals content to discriminate among the plants. The amounts of antinutrients and heavy metals in all plants are below lethal limits. Water extracts of all WEPs have been tested for haemolytic toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity, ensuring that they are safe for human consumption. Therefore, the focus of this research is on the use of WEPs as a source of dietary supplements, which could lead to the commercialization of the product and, as a result, assess consumer perceptions of wild edible plants in India.