The aromaticity and CDFT properties of naphthalene and its aza-derivatives were theoretically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) electronic structure method. The reactivity and chemistry

Objectives: The Ponseti method is the mainstay of treatment of congenital talipes equinovarus deformity. This study aims to assess the relationship between the severity of the clubfoot deformity and the time it takes to correct the deformity using Dimeglio scoring system (DSS) with Ponseti protocol. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study carried out for 15 months at the outpatient department of the National Orthopedic Hospital Enugu. Data collected included age at presentation, sex, laterality, grade of deformity, number of casts, and time to correction before the commencement of bracing. Those selected were clinically assessed using the DSS. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The association between time, the number of casts to correction, age of presentation, and severity to the time of correction of deformity was also determined. Results: A total of 70 patients (116 feet) were recruited for the study. The mean age at presentation was 21 weeks with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The mean DSS at presentation was 10.72. The mean number of casts required to achieve correction was 5, with the last cast left in place for 3 weeks, which gave a mean correction time of 7 weeks. Severe deformity required more cast for correction. There is a weak relationship between age and time to correction. Conclusion: Increase in the severity of the clubfeet was associated with longer correction time and a weak correlation with age at presentation. Dimeglio scoring is an effective, grading, and monitoring system.

Subcutaneous emphysema after adenotonsillectomy is rarely encountered. One of such cases following adenotonsilectomy was seen in our institution.We report the case of a 5-year-old girl who developed cervicofacial emphysema and pneumomediastinum following retching and vomiting 6 hours after a routine adenotonsillectomy. Radiograph of the jaws and chest revealed subcutaneous emphysema. Previously published cases showed that the cause was most likely due to air passing into subcutaneous tissue through the tonsillar fossa and superior constrictor muscle into the facial layers of the neck following a bout of coughing and straining (crying), or the use of positive pressure ventilation. The emphysema can then spread to parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces with associated morbidities. Further complications may include pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum and this should be excluded.

Introduction: Oral health is defined as a state of being free of mouth and facial pain, oral infections and sores, and other diseases that limit an individual’s capacity for biting, chewing, smiling, speaking, and psychosocial well-being. This study assessed the knowledge, barriers, and facilitators of oral health knowledge among Pharmacists in Enugu, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 163 pharmacists in two tertiary hospitals in Enugu, South East, Nigeria. Data on sociodemographic profiles, knowledge of oral health care, barriers, and facilitators of oral health knowledge was collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were more female 96 (58.9%) than male pharmacists 67 (41.1%). Their mean age was 32.98 ± 8.33 years. The majority of respondents, 56 (34.4%) graduated between 2010 and 2019, and 44 (27%) had additional qualifications. Many of the pharmacists 88 (54%) believed that oral health is part of general health. Also, 107 (65.6%) of the respondents had a good knowledge of oral health while 56 (34.4%) had poor knowledge. There was a significant association between academic qualification (P = 0.04) and having good knowledge of oral health care among pharmacists with those with additional qualifications having better knowledge than the others. Poor creation of oral health awareness by dentists 106 (65.0%) was considered as the main barrier to having good oral health knowledge by the pharmacists. Conclusion: More than half of the pharmacists had good knowledge of oral health and academic qualification was associated with having a good knowledge of oral health care among pharmacists in the study population.

Polychaetes play an important role in nutrient cycling and remediation of coastal ecosystems. Large quantities of organic matter that could lead to pollution of pond and coastal waters are generated by aquaculture waste. To assess the remediation prospects of Arenicola marina and Syllis prolifera species, laboratory sediment microcosm experiments were conducted where large size Arenicola marina and Syllis prolifera were introduced to sediment in microcosm A, large size Arenicola marina to sediment in microcosm B, large sized Syllis prolifera to sediment in microcosm C and no polychaetes to sediment in microcosm D. Microcosm A′, B′ and C′ as replicates for small size polychaetes were also set up, respectively. After 30 days, microcosm A, B and C had significant decrease in organic carbon levels with microcosm B being the highest (Total organic carbon (TOC); 27.87%; p< 0.05). Both large and small polychaetes promoted significant decrease in sulphur (S) content (mean=62.76±0.21; 62.81±0.21%) and iron(Fe) (mean=49.43±1.47; 36.28±5.90%) respectively. Increase in pH by 31.15±0.13% was found in the presence of large size polychaetes, most likely associated with the burrowing process involving oxidation of Fe to Fe2O3. Large size polychaetes had better survival (mean=92±0.82%) than their small size counterpart (mean=55±4.08%). The extent of biodegradation B>A>C>D observed revealed that large size Arenicola marina was a better bioremediator of organic matter (OM), Fe and S enriched aquaculture pond sediment, probably due to its biological characteristics, well suited for the aquaculture than other species of sea worms that produce free swimming larvae. Therefore, large size Arenicola marina significantly improved sediment quality as well as increased its pH without compromising their survival. As the search for a better bioremediator of organically enriched sediment continues, our result revealed large size Arenicola marina as a more promising candidate compared to other species documented elsewhere in the world. Hence, rearing of large size Arenicola marina sp is recommended as their feeding habits are well suited for aquaculture.

Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) is a major aquatic food frequently consumed by inhabitants of the coastal How to cite this paper: Oyo-Ita, I. O.,