HRR and HRV are significantly reduced in CAD. The reduction in HRR is parallel to the changes in HRV parameters. HRR, which can be measured easily in the recovery phase of exercise testing, can be used to detect the depression of parasympathetic tonus and to evaluate the basal autonomic balance in this patient group.

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Hemodialysis ends with significant increase in P wave maximum duration and P wave dispersion, which might be responsible for the increased occurrence of atrial fibrillation in these groups of patients.

SummaryBackground: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with poor prognosis. Previous studies have shown good correlation between P-wave dispersion (Pd) and occurrence of PAF. However, Pd in patients with HCM for predicting PAF has not been studied.Hypothesis: The aim of the study was to determine whether Pd could identify patients with HCM who are likely to suffer from PAF.Methods: Twenty-two patients with HCM with a history of PAF (Group 1) and 26 patients with HCM without a history of PAF (Group 2) were studied. Maximum (Pmax) and minimum (Pmin) P-wave durations, as well as P-wave dispersion (Pd = Pmax ϪPmin) were calculated from 12-lead surface electrocardiograms (ECG).Results: P-wave dispersion was significantly different between the groups (Group 1: 55 ± 6 ms vs. Group 2: 37 ± 8 ms; p < 0.001), while Pmax (Group 1: 134 ± 11 ms vs. Group 2: 128 ± 13 ms; p = 0.06) and Pmin (Group 1: 78 ± 9 ms vs. Group 2: 81 ± 7 ms; p = 0.07) was not significantly different. Patients with a history of PAF had higher left atrial diameter than the patients without PAF (Group 1: 52 ± 8 mm vs. Group 2: 48 ± 10 mm; p = 0.02). A cut-off value of 46 ms for Pd had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 82% in discriminating between patients with and without PAF.Conclusion: This study suggests that P-wave dispersion could identify patients with HCM who are likely to develop PAF.

ObjectiveThe coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP), which is characterized by delayed distal vessel opacification in the absence of significant epicardial coronary disease, is an angiographic finding. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between platelet-to- lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and coronary blood flow rate.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational study. It was based on two medical centers. A total of 197 patients undergoing coronary angiography were included in the study, 95 of whom were patients with coronary slow flow without stenosis in coronary angiography and 102 of whom had normal coronary arteries and normal flow.ResultsThe PLR was higher in the coronary slow flow group compared with the control groups (p=0.001). In the correlation analysis, PLR showed a significant correlation with left anterior descending (LAD) artery thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count. After multiple logistic regression, high levels of PLR were independently associated with coronary slow flow, together with hemoglobin.ConclusionPLR was higher in patients with CSFP and we also showed that PLR was significantly and independently associated with CSFP

Telmisartan has a much greater lowering effect on PWD and Pmaximum values than ramipril. This finding may be important in the prevention of AF in hypertensive patients.

SUMMARYData on restenosis after stent implantation in myocardial bridges (MB) are very limited. Six-month angiographic results for 12 symptomatic patients who underwent stent implantation for myocardial bridges were compared retrospectively with those of 39 patients who underwent direct stent implantation for de novo atherosclerotic lesions in the left anterior descending artery. Diameter stenosis decreased from 69 ± 8% to 4 ± 5% in the MB group and from 79 ± 8% to 7 ± 6% in the control group after stent deployment. Systolic narrowing was abolished in all patients with MB. In follow-up, quantitative angiography revealed late loss of 1.8 ± 1.3 mm in the MB group and 0.9 ± 0.9 mm in the control group (P = 0.025). The in-stent restenosis rate was also higher in the MB group compared to the control group (67% versus 28%; P = 0.037). Despite favorable immediate results, stent implantation in MBs may not be promising because of the higher in-stent restenosis rate compared to stenting in de novo atherosclerotic lesions. ( A myocardial bridge (MB) is an anatomical variation in which a part of a coronary artery (mostly left anterior descending artery (LAD)) courses under a segment of myocardium that compresses the lumen during systole despite a normal appearance during diastole. The reported incidence of MB varies over a wide range according to the method of diagnosis, changing from 0.5 to 2.5% in angiographic studies to 15 to 85% in autopsy series.1-3) Although known as a benign and asymptomatic condition in a majority of the patients, MBs may cause angina, myocardial ischemia, infarction, life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death. [4][5][6][7][8] The clinical management of patients with symptomatic MB is not well established. On the basis of previous pathophysiological and clinFrom the

Pd > or = 32.5 ms and Pmax > or = 103.0 ms predict the recurrence of PAF after ablation with acceptable positive and negative predictive values. Pd > or = 32.5 ms is an independent predictor of recurrence of PAF after catheter ablation in patients with WPW syndrome.