Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth belongs to the Piperaceae family and has long been used empirically as a traditional medicine by the communities of Indonesia, the Philippines, India, Nigeria, Brazil, and other countries. The herb of P. pellucida has chemical constituents with potential activities such as analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antigout, antihypertensive (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors), antioxidant, and antibacterial, as well as activities such as a sunscreen. Unfortunately, this plant has not been utilized as a source of raw material for herbal medicines commercially. So far, this plant has been considered a weed by local farmers (mainly oil palm plantations in Indonesia). This narrative review aims to comprehensively overview P. pellucida herbs as a potential natural resource for herbal medicine by looking from different perspectives. This review article highlights some perspectives on this herb, including plant description and origins, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, extraction technique development, and its prospect as an economic natural resource of herbal medicines.
Pigmen fikosianin (PC) dari sianobakteria telah banyak menunjukkan efek farmasetikal termasuk salah satunya efek antioksidan. Biosintesis PC oleh sianobakteria dipengaruh oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya ketersediaan nitrogen dan intensitas cahaya yang dipaparkan selama kultivasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar nitrogen dan intensitas cahaya optimum untuk biosintesis PC serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari PC yang diisolasi dari sianobakteria laut BTM 11. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorik dengan mengamati respon PC dari variasi pemberian natrium nitrat (NaNO3) sebagai sumber nitrogen dalam media serta intensitas cahaya yang berbeda. PC dari hasil nitrogen dan intensitas cahaya yang optimum diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode penangkapan radikal bebas 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Data hasil perlakuan variasi NaNO3 dan intensitas cahaya dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan apabila p<0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan respon kadar PC dari tiap variasi konsentrasi NaNO3 Kadar PC tertinggi didapat dari media dengan konsentrasi NaNO3 525,0 mg dan intensitas cahaya optimum 4.500 lux Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan PC memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 91,89 μg/mL sedangkan IC50 dari asam askorbat sebesar 2,39 μg/mL.
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