Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)-associated mortality is considered high and still raising, where outcomes can be improved through immediate treatment initiation. Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk are cognitive factors that can affect patient's decision to seek care immediately. Therefore, this study aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and perceived risk for future ACS event among Jordanian ACS patients. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was used to conveniently recruit 160 ACS patients from CCUs and medical floors at three Jordanian hospitals using the Modified ACS Response Questionnaire. Results: Almost, 65% of participants had low level of ACS knowledge, specifically regarding untraditional ACS symptoms. Some negative attitudes and beliefs toward ACS were found. There was a moderate positive correlation between knowledge score and all of attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk score (r = 0.549, p < 0.01, r = 0.563, p < 0.01, r = 0.545, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Inadequate ACS knowledge, negative attitudes and beliefs toward ACS were associated with low perceived risk for future ACS event. Therefore, it is a priority to develop strategies that consider improving ACS patients' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk. This could be effective to enhance patient's decision to seek care and reduce ominous outcomes.

Patients with chronic illness need more encouragement to engage themselves in exercise practices. Exercise educational program for patients with chronic illnesses should consider patients' reported exercise benefits and barriers.

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Background: With the fact that physical restraints is widely used in intensive care units, further studies are needed to set a baseline for evidence-based practice and to develop regulations. Aim: To examine Jordanian ICU nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physical restraints. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was applied using online survey. A convenience sample of 145 nurses filled out the questionnaire who were registered nurses with at least one year of experience in ICU. In addition to demographic data sheet, they completed a 3-domain questionnaire; levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding using physical restraints. Results: Participants’ scored relatively low on knowledge (M= 3.3/11, SD= 1.8), moderate on attitudes (M= 29.4/48, SD= 3.8), and moderate on practices regarding physical restraint (M=23.2/42, SD= 7). Results revealed that participants’ practice of physical restraint had a positive correlation with both their knowledge and attitudes. Many significant differences were noticed based on participants’ characteristics. Conclusion: Local guidelines should be legislated to regulate nurses’ and other care providers’ PR practices to maintain patient safety and avoid legal consequences. Also, educational programs are needed to promote nurses’ knowledge and attitudes and compliance toward the acceptable guidelines regarding PR.