Nowadays, renovation of buildings including schools is a common practice to enhance their indoor environmental conditions and resource efficiency, and to reduce their operation cost. Construction industry always has its reservation regarding the perceived excessive renovation costs when greening a building. Such perception has been discouraged property owners from greening and certifying their existing buildings according to USGBC’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating systems. This research established an optimization model with ability of distinguishing and sorting LEED feasible credits according to their costs to achieve cost-effective LEED certifications. Nine random existing schools in Dubai were assessed to form a case study. The assessments’ results proved that less than 1% and 5% of total construction cost should be devoted to modify buildings as per LEED guideline and certify them up to Gold certificate or Platinum certificate, respectively. Attaining platinum certificate resulted in 27% and 30% water and energy consumption reductions, respectively. The estimations revealed that the projected capital spending in energy and water conservation might be returned in a maximum period of seven years with lower utility bills.
PurposeSchools should be adequately built and operated to protect students' health. Green building rating systems, including Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), assist the construction industry in improving both the resource efficiency and indoor environmental quality of its buildings. Construction professionals may waive some green modifications and available optional credits due to their high costs or construction complexities. This study investigates whether cost-effective green modifications can adequately address the student health.Design/methodology/approachIn an effort to identify how school projects in Dubai, UAE prioritized LEED credits related to occupant well-being, the study identified eight LEED credits (called “Health and wellbeing” credits). Cost data from a sample of nine Dubai schools were used to develop an indicator, named the Feasibility Index Score (FIS), to quantify the attractiveness of LEED credits based on their cost and implementation complexity. Physical measurements taken from the sample schools give a window into current indoor environmental quality (IEQ) conditions of schools in the local region, while FIS provides insight into potential financial barriers towards improving these conditions.FindingsThe authors identified eight “Health and wellbeing” credits, which may net up to 14 points or 13% of all possible LEED points. Despite this, assessments of the sample schools revealed that six of the “Health and wellbeing” credits exhibited relatively low FIS values. This may cause these credits to be waived when lower tiers of LEED certifications are desired.Research limitations/implicationsA sample of nine schools was chosen for this research; further investigation using a greater sample size is recommended.Practical implicationsThe paper's IEQ assessment indicates the importance of health-related credits and suggests implementing them regardless of their FIS.Originality/valueThis paper recognizes the importance of providing more weight to credits that directly impact the health of occupants, particularly when upgrading existing structures.
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