Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has resulted in a global pandemic. The World Health Organization recommended avoiding any delay or disruption of immunization services, as this could result in increases in outbreak-prone vaccine-preventable diseases. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents’ behaviour towards their children’s scheduled vaccinations. Methodology: This web-based cross-sectional study recruited 1,143 parents/guardians of children below six years of age living in Saudi Arabia between May 1 and May 30, 2020 via social media platforms. A self-developed online questionnaire consisting of eight items was used. Simple and multiple binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The parents/guardians were aged 20–60 years; 82% were aged between 20 and 39 years. It was found that 26% of parents did not vaccinate their children on time according to the national immunization schedule in regular situations, and 38% of parents reported delaying vaccination due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The multiple logistic regression analysis found that having two or more children, living in Riyadh or the Western region or not vaccinating children during regular situations were associated with an increased risk of vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Delaying children’s vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced most by living in regions with high COVID-19 prevalence and having two or more children.
The sudden death of infants younger than one year is known as SIDS. It is a major cause of mortality among infants less than one year of age. There is little focus in the literature on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Thus, this review aims to provide new insights on the incidence, risk factors and prevention of SIDS in infants. Following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, this review explored eligible articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and research gate databases. Several keywords were used for the search to obtain all possible related articles. The inclusion criteria were reviews and original articles focused on the current subject and written in English. The eligible articles used to compile this review were published between 2007 and 2021. Three main titles were discussed in this review: incidence, risk factors, and prevention. SIDS is the most common reason for death among infants aged less than one year. There is great variation in the global incidence of SIDS. Factors related to the sleeping environment are the major risk factors for SIDS and should be the focus. Hence, following the recommendations of the American academy of pediatrics can reduce incidence of SIDS.
Excessive consumption of cow milk and menorrhagia are the two most common causes of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in children. However, there have been reported cases of parasitic infestation causing IDA. Pediculus humanus survives on human blood, and prolonged blood loss causes anaemic symptoms. In the current case report, a 10-year-old girl complained of pallor and dizziness. During her physical examination, a head lice infestation was discovered. The patient had no history of chronic illness and used to eat a normal diet that was high in iron. Her haemoglobin level was measured to be 4 g/dl. Doctors determined that the severe iron deficiency was caused due to the head lice infestation. To reach the required haemoglobin level, she was admitted to the hospital and given a blood transfusion. Her head was washed with permethrin 1% shampoo, which removed over 60% of the lice in a single wash. She was instructed to wash her hair with the shampoo again after seven days.
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