We use a formula derived almost seventy years ago by Madhav Rao connecting the Jacobi Last Multiplier of a second-order ordinary differential equation and its Lagrangian and determine the Lagrangians of the Painlevé equations. Indeed this method yields the Lagrangians of many of the equations of the Painlevé-Gambier classification. Using the standard Legendre transformation we deduce the corresponding Hamiltonian functions. While such Hamiltonians are generally of non-standard form, they are found to be constants of motion. On the other hand for second-order equations of the Liénard class we employ a novel transformation to deduce their corresponding Lagrangians. We illustrate some particular cases and determine the conserved quantity (first integral) resulting from the associated Noetherian symmetry. Finally we consider a few systems of secondorder ordinary differential equations and deduce their Lagrangians by exploiting again the relation between the Jacobi Last Multiplier and the Lagrangian.

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In this paper we compute first integrals of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using the extended Prelle-Singer method, as formulated by Chandrasekar et al in J. Math. Phys. 47 (2), 023508, (2006). We find a new first integral for the Painlevé-Gambier XXII equation. We also derive the first integrals of generalized two-dimensional Kepler system and the Liénard type oscillators.

We consider a family of genus 2 hyperelliptic curves of even order and obtain explicitly the systems of 5 linear ordinary differential equations for periods of the corresponding Abelian integrals of first, second, and third kind, as functions of some parameters of the curves. The systems can be regarded as extensions of the well-studied Picard-Fuchs equations for periods of complete integrals of first and second kind on odd hyperelliptic curves. The periods we consider are linear combinations of the action variables of several integrable systems, in particular the generalized Neumann system with polynomial separable potentials. Thus the solutions of the extended Picard-Fuchs equations can be used to study various properties of the actions. C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.

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