New findings emerged: extremely high comorbidity regardless of eating disorder, ubiquitous depression across all eating disorders, no difference in overall rate of anxiety disorders across eating disorders, greater posttraumatic stress disorder in binge-purge anorexia, more psychotic diagnoses in anorexia. Certain previous findings were confirmed: more obsessive-compulsive disorder in anorexia; more substance use in bulimia; and a replicated comorbidity rank-ordering for eating disorder patients: mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, respectively.
To investigate control and self-control issues for patients with eating disorders, 10 individuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa were compared to two sex-matched groups of 9 and 50 adults on the Shapiro Control Inventory. Analysis of variance and subsequent planned comparisons showed significant differences indicative of pathology between the eating-disordered group and one or both comparison groups on the general domain sense of control scale and the positive sense of control scale. Three of the four mode scales and the domain-specific sense of control scale were also in the expected direction. Several clinically relevant individual items also supported this trend. The discussion notes the clinical importance of refining how control is measured for eating-disordered populations.
Our aim was to construct an experimental situation with which we could explore relationships between the looking behavior of the eye and recall of pictures differing in threatening content. Seventeen Ss individually were shown 10 pictures for 10 sec. each with concurrent eye fixation photography (Mackworth eye camera) and GSR recording. The main analysis consisted of breaking high and low GSR “Peak” (i.e., the high point of GSR deflection during the ten seconds of looking) against “mean duration of each fixation,” inspection time of “ground” of each picture (rather than “figure”), recall duration, instances of forgetting the picture, and postponement in recall order. Significant differences were found in most of these measures in a direction which seemed consistent with a concept of avoidance—under conditions of high GSR responsivity more than under low GSR responsivity, Ss tended to show avoidance tendencies in both looking and recalling behavior.
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