The outbreak of COVID 19 made many poor communities in different places of the world face very challenging socioeconomic and livelihood consequences. This paper targets to analyse this socioeconomic impact to determine how the pandemic is causing various problems to the impoverished. An integrative literature review was carried out to sample the consequences of the global pandemic economic crisis on the poor communities in four different continents. The research points out how it is hard on the poor to adhere to the restrictive measures of social isolation or the lockdown. Immediate strategies that minimize the pandemic impact on the livelihood and the socioeconomic activities of the poor are suggested. The research opens future research about more specialised programs for the poor during any future lockdowns.
This paper aims to review the slow tourism literature using a bibliometric analysis approach. In the current study parameters such as the annual number of publications, the most contributing countries, the most contributing organizations, the most cited studies in Web of Science (WoS), the most productive authors, and the most productive journals were examined. Furthermore, keywords were used to identify the field structure. VOSviewer software was used to find out the leading trends in this slow tourism literature. Thirty-eight studies were found with the help of the WoS database, over the period from 1975-June 2020. Results indicated that: the literature on slow tourism is growing remarkably; four studies accounted for more than 30 citations; Conwey, D and Timms, B.F were the most prolific authors; in terms of documents, the USA was the leading country in the topic of slow tourism; Indiana University (System and Bloomington Campus) was the most productive institution with a total of 5 papers. The journal, Tourism Recreation Research was the top contributor to the related literature. According to a keywords analysis the most recently studied concepts were related to tourist experiences and place attachments (2018-2020), while the older concepts were linked to alternative tourism and leisure (2014)(2015)(2016).
Self-Sufficiency is an undermined subject that has not been given attention since the early days of Socialism and the beginning of Marxism. With the capital-based economy and the rise of globalisation, most countries reached their lowest self-sufficiency level ever with the majority having only 20% capacity to depend on their products. This paper explores why SF is important now during the pandemic and in the New Norma and how these current conditions brought more opportunities for the subject to make people and decision-makers release more from the pros and cons of globalisation. The paper explores how countries and communities could benefit from SF to rebuild more independent communities through optimising concepts as the eco-villages and animal farming that would also encourage the making of sustainable cities. The challenges and the solutions of future food security SF projects establishment are presented as part of the contribution of this paper. Further studies in the area SF during lockdown are recommended to extract the best methodologies of maintaining livelihood while we are fighting for life.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the refugees has been a global concern where the possibility of its impact on the total life and livelihood is expected to be tremendous; unless drastic intervention programs are deployed in time of disaster. This paper explores the three largest most vulnerable refugee groups facing the pandemic of COVID-19. The work was approached from a multidisciplinary perspective with the aim of observing the topic from various mindsets such as economy, social science, history, and culture so that a holistic solution can be proposed. Refugees’ variables of uncertainty are examined during both the literature review and the case study. Then the formula of uncertainty is developed, based on the synthesis of both the cases and literature. The uncertainty is then mitigated and eliminated while talking about the risks of the COVID-19, and its potential spread. Finally, a generic framework is proposed so that the refugees not only are protected, but believe that they can have alternative solutions as they come out of the crisis. The paper brings in lots of implications to the international funding agencies, the refugees hosting countries and the local NGOs in the ground; beside the refugees themselves.
COVID-19 raised lots of issues relevant to the status, the readiness and the capacity of the self-sufficiency of the different communities and countries during conditions of lockdown and requirements for social distancing, during the first four months of the pandemic.An international multidiscipline scholars discussion on zoom, a multi-media conferencing app, is categorised according to the subjects of the self-sufficiency practices that are reflections of the specific attitudes and behaviours that shape the social demands during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scholars discuss the requirements of re-building the self-sufficiency social beliefs which the capital economy destroyed. Based on the methodology of discussion from the different background scholar, the challenges and then the outcome of self-sufficiency projects are defined.
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